SOLAR-UV SPECTRA AND MONITORING SYSTEMS OF BIOLOGICALLY-EFFECTIVE DOSE

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

Global thinning of ozone layer continues mainly due to anthropogenic release of ozone-depleting chemicals. We proposed that biodosimetry systems based on the harmful effects of UV radiation are needed in conjunction with spectroscopy to monitor and assess environmental UV exposure. Several systems to determine biologically-effective doses have been developed in Japan and : elsewhere, however, so far little coordinated comparisons have been done. In this project, we have performed four field campaigns in summer at two sites where Brewer spectrophotometers are in continuous operation : at Naha (Okinawa Meteorological Observatory, 26.2OﾟN, 127.68ﾟE, 28.1 m) from 1995/08/08 to 08/10 and from 1996/07/18 to 07/20, and, at Sapporo (Sapporo Meteorological Observatory, 43.05ﾟN, 141.33ﾟE, 17.2 m) from 1996/06/28 to 06/29 and from 1997/07/10 to 07/12. In these campaigns, "spore dosimeter" (N.Munakata), "biofilm dosimeter" (Y.Furusawa), "oligonucleotide (TpT) dosimeter" (K.Hieda), "dry DNA dosimeter" (Y.Ishigaki), and "plasmid and DNA in solution" (K.Negishi) participated and performed side-by-side exposures with spectrophotometers CT.Takao and Y.Hirose). With regard to the three systems, i. e., spore, biofilm and TpT dosimeters, the action spectra for the response in the critical UV wavelengths (290 and 400 rim) have been obtained and refined at Okazaki Large Spectrograph (M.Watanabe). The strategy for the comparisons between biodosimetry and spectrophotometry has been elaborated. It employed the effectiveness spectra derived by the multiplication of the action and irradiance spectra in each 0.5 rim interval for the entire wavelength range. The results of the analysis using the spore dosimetry demonstrated general congruence of the physical and biological measurements, however, the direct biological measurements exhibited about 20 % higher values than the calculated ones, the reason of that should be investigated in future comparisons.