STUDIES ON MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF ANTI-CELL ADHESION

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Some of established cell lines are insensitive to anti-adhesive activity of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, and other lines are defective of annexin VI which is a candidate of the receptor for chondroitin sulfate chains with anti-adhesive activity. Those may be useful to analyze a possible role of annexin VI in anti-adhesion (Kimata). Transfection with antisense RNA for HSP-47 expression caused not only the decrease in collagen synthesis but also insolubilization of the collagen, which suggests a role of HSP-47 as shaperon (Nagata). Kitagawa analyzed the effect of the transfection with mutant laminin genes on the cell behaviors. Mammary carcinoma cells with high activity of tenascin production, compared to those with the low activity, showed the round cell morphology, the high activity of cell migration and the high invasiveness, which sugggests the effect of anti-adhesive activity of tenascin on the metastasis (Sakakura). In addition, differently from the anti-adhesion, RGD-indepen … More dent integrin may be involved in a cryptic cell-adhesive acitivity of tenascin (Obara). A novel membrane-bound proteoglycan, neuroglycan C influences cell adhesion in rat brain and may induce the neurite outgrowth (Oohira). lung carcinoma cells with the low metastatic activity usually show the high expression of syndecan and tend to show the organized stress fiber formation, but those with the high activity tend to induce the formation of ruffling membranes. The difference may explain a possible realationship between the cell adhesiveness and the metastatic ability of the carcinoma (Okayama). Sekiguchi has found that altemative splicing of fibronectin modulates the capacity for cell-adhesion. A brain proteoglycan with tyrosine phosphatase activity has been found to exhibit anti-adhesion activity to neuronal cells in the nervous center. This proteoglycan may function as a receptor for pleiotrophin (Noda). Sofue has suggested that laminin may be a IGF-I-dependent differentiation-inducing factor and further found the inbolvement of tyrosine phosphorylation in the signal transduction. Inagaki has succeeded in raising monoclonal antivodies to phosphorylated cytoskeletal proteins and revealed the possible relationship of the phosphorylation of intermediate filaments to the changes in cell-adhesion of proliferating cells. Tsukita has observed the activation of integrin when a cadherin-binding protein, b-catenin is forced to be expressed. The first and second group meetings were held in Nagoya to discuss results, give useful suggestions and comments each other and exchange current informations. Less