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Wind Tunnel Experiment for the Firebreak Effect and the Influence on Fire Plume by Surface Roughness.

防火效果及表面粗糙度对火羽影响的风洞实验。

基本信息

批准号：
07455233
负责人：
SAGA Takeshi
金额：
$ 3.26万
依托单位：
Tohoku Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07455233/
关键词：
Urban fire Fire plume Temperature distribution Urban wind Firebreak belt Surface roughness Wind tunnel experiment Similarity law

项目摘要

In order to discuss the firebreak method and the safety of activities for fire prevention, it is important to clarify the estimative method of temperature of fire plume from burning houses by urban fire.This paper is to clarify the influence on the temperature distribution of fire plume by surface roughness of buildings and wind velocity.1. Wind tunnel tests for surface roughness : Wind tunnel tests were conducted using the scale models (reduced scale 1/200 and 1/140) of built-up area which were constructed by the low-rise buildings.2. A theoretical study of temperature distribution downwind from a plane heat source : The author has attempted to assume a plane source as the experimental model of burning area. Equations for temperature distribution downwind from this heat source were discussed by theoretical consideration and shown as the function of dimensionless temperature (PSI), dimensionless velocity (LAMBDA), Froude number (Fr), and ratio (X/D) of downwind distance (X) to wide (D) of a plane heat source.3. Wind tunnel tests for surface roughness and temperature distribution of fire plume. : In order to examine the relation between above-mentioned theory and experiment, measurements of temperature and velocity were performed on the scale models of built-up area constructed by the low-rise buildings in a wind tunnel which was placed a square vessel for burning alcohol.4.Wind tunnel tests for the flow around the scale model of the highrise building in built-up area which were constructed by low-rise buildings.5. Wind tunnel tests for the firebreak effect and the influence on fire plume by the highrise building in built-up area : The author considered the similarity law of fire plume for a wind tunnel test, and examined the relation between theory and experiments. These similar experiments were satisfied with the validity of the theory.

为了探讨防火方法和防火活动的安全性，明确城市火灾燃烧房屋产生的火羽温度的估算方法是非常重要的。本文旨在阐明建筑物表面粗糙度和风速对火羽温度分布的影响。表面粗糙度风洞试验：采用由低层建筑建造的建成区缩尺模型(缩尺为1/200和1/140)进行风洞试验。平面热源下风向温度分布的理论研究：作者尝试将平面热源作为燃烧区的实验模型。从理论上讨论了该热源的顺风向温度分布方程，得到了平面热源无因次温度(PSI)、无因次速度(Lambda)、弗劳德数(Fr)和顺风距离(X)与宽度(D)之比(X/D)的函数。火焰羽流表面粗糙度和温度分布的风洞试验。为了验证上述理论与实验的关系，在放置方形酒精燃烧容器的风洞中，对低层建筑建造的建成区缩尺模型进行了温度和速度测量。4.低层建筑建造的建成区高层建筑缩尺模型绕流的风洞试验。高层建筑阻燃效果及对火灾烟羽影响的风洞试验：作者在风洞试验中考虑了火灾烟羽的相似规律，并验证了理论与实验的关系。这些类似的实验对该理论的有效性感到满意。