Cellulose decomposition in supercritical water to recover chemicals

为开发生物质在超临界水中转化回收化学品的新工艺，开展了纤维素在超临界水中转化的基础研究。利用自行研制的浆体泵，对纤维素在超临界水中的反应进行了详细的研究。在纤维素的超临界水反应中，水解产物的产率较高。纤维素水解动力学也进行了评价。在临界点以上，水解速率迅速上升.对葡萄糖、乙醛、二羟基丙酮、纤维二糖、纤维三糖、纤维五糖在超临界水中进行了分解实验，并根据实验结果阐明了纤维素分解的主要反应途径。还评估了每个反应途径的动力学。用Monte Carlo模拟方法计算了纤维素分解反应的速率常数，较好地解释了纤维素分解反应的产物分布。

For the development of a new conversion process of biomass in supercritical water (SCW) to recover chemicals, basic studies on cellulose conversion in SCW were conducted. By using a slurry pomp developed, reaction of cellulose in SCW were studied in detail. In SCW reaction of cellulose, high yield of hydrolysis products was obtained. Kinetics of cellulose hydrolysis were also evaluated. The hydrolysis rate jumped up to a higher level above the critical point. This is the reason for the high yield of hydrolysis products obtained.SCW decomposition experiments of glucose, grycelaldehyde, dihydroxyaceton, cellobiose, cellotriose, cellopentaose in SCW were conducted and the main reaction pathways of cellulose decomposition were elucidated on the basis of the results obtained. Kinetics of each reaction pathways were also evaluated. By using Monte Carlo Simulation method with the rate constants evaluated, the product distribution of the cellulose decomposition could be fairly well explained.