Cellulose decomposition in supercritical water to recover chemicals

为开发生物质在超临界水（SCW）中转化化学物质的新工艺，开展了超临界水中纤维素转化的基础研究。利用研制的浆液泵，对纤维素在水化废水中的反应进行了详细研究。在纤维素的SCW反应中，水解产物得率较高。对纤维素水解动力学也进行了评价。水解速率在临界点以上跳升到更高的水平。这就是水解产物得率高的原因。进行了葡萄糖、纤维素醛、二羟基丙酮、纤维素二糖、纤维素三糖、纤维素戊糖在硫酸中分解纤维素的实验，并在此基础上阐明了纤维素分解的主要反应途径。并对各反应途径的动力学进行了评价。利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法计算了纤维素分解的速率常数，可以较好地解释纤维素分解的产物分布。

For the development of a new conversion process of biomass in supercritical water (SCW) to recover chemicals, basic studies on cellulose conversion in SCW were conducted. By using a slurry pomp developed, reaction of cellulose in SCW were studied in detail. In SCW reaction of cellulose, high yield of hydrolysis products was obtained. Kinetics of cellulose hydrolysis were also evaluated. The hydrolysis rate jumped up to a higher level above the critical point. This is the reason for the high yield of hydrolysis products obtained.SCW decomposition experiments of glucose, grycelaldehyde, dihydroxyaceton, cellobiose, cellotriose, cellopentaose in SCW were conducted and the main reaction pathways of cellulose decomposition were elucidated on the basis of the results obtained. Kinetics of each reaction pathways were also evaluated. By using Monte Carlo Simulation method with the rate constants evaluated, the product distribution of the cellulose decomposition could be fairly well explained.