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Synthesis of liquid fuel from natural gas and coal

由天然气和煤合成液体燃料

基本信息

批准号：
07455435
负责人：
FUJIMOTO Kaoru
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Recently it is pointed out to be necessary to development of new process for direct conversion of natural gas to chemical material. From the results of researches, C_2 hydrocarbo was found to be formed via methyl radicals in oxidative coupling of methane. In this case, th side reaction of methyl radical with oxygen in gas phase proceeded, therefore it is suggested t be the limitation of yield of C_2 hydrocarbons. In this study we investigated the formation of C_2 hydrocarbons from methane (a main component of natural gas) and carbon material (coal). We used coal char as the carbon material since amorphous carbon is favorable in terms of its reactivity. In our study we especially used Yallourn brown coal. On the reaction between Yallourn char and methane, the gas product was observed at higher temperature than 1273K But under the reaction condition on which methane was only feeded, large amount of coke w deposited on carbon surface. In order to avoid this coke deposition, we added hydrogen to methane flow. This is the utilization of hydrogen spillover phenomena from the combination of hydrogen gas and supporte metal, metal oxide and metal sulfided catalysts. It is possible to control of the concentration of hydrogen species on the carbon surface. From these experiment, it is observed that decrease of coke amount formed during reaction, and at the same time the decrease of methane conversion probably because the adsorption of hydrogen on the radical center of carbon surface which seems to be active site of dehydrogenative activation of methane.

近年来，人们指出有必要开发天然气直接转化为化工原料的新工艺。研究结果表明，甲烷在氧化偶联过程中通过甲基自由基生成C_2烃。在这种情况下，甲基自由基与氧在气相中发生了副反应，因此认为这是限制C_2烃产率的原因。本文研究了甲烷（天然气的主要成分）与碳物质（煤）形成C_2烃的过程。由于无定形碳具有良好的反应性，所以我们选用了煤焦作为碳材料。在我们的研究中，我们特别使用了黄褐煤。黄炭与甲烷反应时，在1273K以上的温度下可以观察到气态产物，但在只进料甲烷的反应条件下，碳表面沉积了大量的焦炭。为了避免这种焦炭沉积，我们在甲烷流中加入了氢气。这是利用氢气与载体金属、金属氧化物和金属硫化催化剂结合产生的氢溢出现象。控制碳表面氢的浓度是可能的。从这些实验中可以观察到，在反应过程中形成的焦炭量减少，同时甲烷转化率降低，这可能是由于氢在碳表面自由基中心的吸附，而碳表面自由基中心似乎是甲烷脱氢活化的活性位点。