Mechanism of high antifungal effect of chitosan-metal salts of newly developed wood-preservative on wood.

新开发的木材防腐剂壳聚糖金属盐对木材的高效抗真菌作用机制。

• 批准号: 07456081
• 负责人: FURUKAWA Ikuo
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: TOTTORI UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07456081/
• 关键词: post-CCA; chitosan-metal salts; antifungal effect; TYP; surface adhere; selective penetration; safeness; selective fungal attack; キトサン金属塩(CCS); スギ; 腐朽様式; 選択的菌糸侵入; 柔組織; 木材防腐剤; キトサン金属塩系薬剤; 薬剤分布; 固着性; 境界表面処理; 放射組織

In this study, the auther proposed a mechanism of high antifungal effects of chitosan-metal salts (CCS) on wood, which was newly developed wood-preservative in cooperation with Dr.T.Kobayashi, Toyo Wood Preservative Company. The micro-distribution (localization) of the CCS's effective component (copper metal) within the CCS-treated wood specimens, and the fungal behavior of TYP (Tyromyces palustris) within the CCS treated wood blocks in related to the copper-metal distribution by means of SEM-WDXA.As results, the copper metals were firmly bonded to the cell wall surfaces of the JIS wood-specimen even after the JIS-A9201 (1991) weathering treatments, and were localized on the opened lumen surfaces of the tracheids and selectively on the lumen surfaces within the ray parenchyma cells or axial parenchyma cells. When the CCS preservative was applied to the real-scaled timbers, the copper metals were only deposited in the few cell layrs at the surface portion of the treated timber. Nevertheless, the CCS treated woods showed prominently high resistance against the TYP fungal attacks. The TYP hyphae were inhibited selectively in the ray parenchyma cells or axial parenchyma cells, that was clalified by the SEM observation of the TYP rotted woods. Judgging from these evidences, it is clear that the CCS treatment were fundamentally differed from the CCA treatment, that is, the former is "specified cell surface adhere (deposition) type", but the latter is "all cell wall impregnation type". Then, the CCS treatments exhibited the high antifungal effects by means of the least amount of the copper metals in comparison with the CCA treatment, the requried chemicals of the CCS treatment were almost one tenth of the CCA treatment. As conclusion, newly developed CCS wood preservative will be strongly recommended as the post-CCA,because of both sides from safeness and effectiveness.

本研究提出了与东洋木材防腐剂公司小林博士合作开发的新型木材防腐剂--壳聚糖金属盐(CCS)对木材的高效抑菌机理。CCS有效成分(铜金属)在CCS处理木材试件中的微观分布(定位)，以及TYP(Tyromyces Palustris)在CCS处理木材试件中的真菌行为与铜-金属分布有关。结果表明，即使在JIS-A9201(1991)风化处理后，铜金属仍然牢固地结合在JIS木材试件的细胞壁表面，并定位在管胞开口的管腔表面上，并选择性地定位在射线薄壁细胞或轴向薄壁细胞的管腔表面。当CCS防腐剂应用于实际尺寸的木材时，铜金属仅沉积在处理木材表面的几个单元层中。尽管如此，CCS处理的木材对TYP真菌侵染表现出显著的抗性。对TYP腐烂木材的扫描电子显微镜观察表明，TYP菌丝在射线薄壁细胞或轴向薄壁细胞中受到选择性抑制。从这些证据可以清楚地看出，CCS处理与CCA处理有根本的不同，即前者是“特定细胞表面附着(沉积)型”，而后者是“全细胞壁浸润型”。与CCA处理相比，CCS处理以最少的铜金属元素表现出较高的抗真菌效果，所需化学物质几乎是CCA处理的十分之一。综上所述，从安全性和有效性两方面考虑，新研制的CCS木材防腐剂将被大力推荐作为CCA术后的防腐剂。

项目成果

古川郁夫・小谷健二・小林智紀: "キトサン金属塩の木材防腐効力と微視的分布について" 第46回日本木材学会大会研究発表要旨集. -452 (1996)

Ikuo Furukawa、Kenji Kotani、Tomoki Kobayashi：“关于木材防腐功效和壳聚糖金属盐的微观分布”第 46 届日本木材学会会议研究报告摘要集 -452（1996 年）。

古川郁夫・小谷健二・小林智紀: "キトサン金属塩の木材防腐効力と微視的分布について" 第46回日本木材学会大会研究発表要旨集. 452 (1996)

Ikuo Furukawa、Kenji Kotani、Tomoki Kobayashi：“关于木材防腐功效和壳聚糖金属盐的微观分布”第 46 届日本木材学会年会摘要 452（1996）。

小林智紀・古川郁夫: "キトサン金属塩の最適生成条件と木材への固着性" 防菌防微学会誌. 23. 263-269 (1995)

Tomoki Kobayashi 和 Ikuo Furukawa：“壳聚糖金属盐的生产及其对木材的粘附性的最佳条件”，抗菌和微生物控制学会杂志，23. 263-269 (1995)。

T.Kobayashi & I.Furukawa: "Wood-Preserving Effectiveness of Chitosan-Metal Salts against Wood Decaying Fungi." J.Antibact.Antifung.Agents. 23 (6). 343-348 (1995)

小林T

小林智紀・古川郁夫: "キトサン金属塩の木材防カビ効力" 防菌防微学会誌. 24. 191-193 (1996)

Tomoki Kobayashi 和 Ikuo Furukawa：“壳聚糖金属盐的木材抗真菌功效”抗菌微生物学会杂志 24. 191-193 (1996)。