CHARACTERIZATION OF BAROPHILIC DEEP-SEA MICROORGANISMS

嗜压深海微生物的特征

• 批准号: 07456085
• 负责人: HOWADA Kouichi
• 金额: $ 5.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07456085/
• 关键词: deep-sea; deep-sea microorganism; barophilic; barophile; 16SrRNA; PFLP; Vibrio; psychrophile; RFLP pattern; キャラクタリゼーション; 加圧培養; 好冷性; vibrio; キャラクタリーゼーション

To characterize barophilic deep-sea microorganisms, studies were conducted from two ways, namely, one during a cruise on board the research vessel, Hakuho-maru or Tansei-maru, Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, and another one in the laboratory with isolated strains of bacteria from deep-sea. During the cruise by Hakuho-maru, several strains of barophilic deep-sea bacteria were isolated from the Japan Trench under pressure. The growth characteristics of these strains were investigated using High-Pressure-Temperature-Gradient Instrument (PTG apparatus). One strain JT403, isolated from 4000m, showed optimum growth, 0.047 h^<-1>, at 20MPa and 5.1C.Another obligate barophilic bacterial strain JT 761, showed optimum growth, 0.054h-1, at 600MPa and 1.8 C.Grouping of 60 marine Vibrio strains isolated from surface water to deep-sea in the Pacific Ocean using PCR/RFLP analysis of 16S rRNA genes were conducted. The clusters were depended on the isolated n niche of the strains and showed significant differences in the genotype composition between the strains from the deep-sea and the coastal area of Japan. One large phylogenetic line was psychrophilic or psychrotrophic deep-sea vibrios very close to Vibrio marinus. Another line was V.splendidus-like group distributed in the coastal area of Japan.

为了确定深海嗜压微生物的特性，从两个方面进行了研究，一个是在东京大学海洋研究所的研究船“Hakuho-maru”或“Tansei-maru”上进行巡航，另一个是在实验室用深海分离的细菌菌株进行研究。在Hakuho-maru号航行期间，在压力下从日本海沟分离出几种嗜压深海细菌。采用高压温度梯度仪（PTG装置）研究了这些菌株的生长特性。从4000米海水中分离到的一株菌株JT 403的最适生长温度<-1>为20 MPa、5.1 ℃，其最适生长时间为0.047 h ~（-1）;另一株专性嗜压菌JT 761的最适生长温度为600 MPa、1.8 ℃，其最适生长时间为0.054 h ~（-1）。集群依赖于孤立的N生态位的菌株，并表现出显着差异的基因型组成之间的菌株从深海和沿海地区的日本。一个大的系统发育线是嗜冷或嗜冷深海弧菌非常接近弧菌marinus。另一个品系是分布于日本沿海的V. splendidus样类群。

项目成果

浦川秀敏、塚本久美子、大和田紘一: "Restriction Flagment Length Polymorphism Aualgsis of 16S rRNA Gene of the Family Vibrionaceae from cold Marice Environment" 国立極地研報告. (印刷中). (1997)

Hidetoshi Urakawa、Kumiko Tsukamoto、Koichi Owada：“来自寒冷环境的弧菌科 16S rRNA 基因的限制性片段长度多态性分析”国家极地研究所报告（1997 年）。

崎山徳起,大和田紘一: "Isolation and Growth,Characteristic of deepsea barophilee baclteria from the Japan Trenh." Fisheries Science. 63、2(印刷中). (1997)

Tokuoki Sakiyama、Koichi Owada：“日本水产科学的深海嗜压细菌的特征”，63，2（出版中）。

李 原在: "studies on the ecological characterislies of marine bacteria isolated from deep sea." Journal of Korien Fisheries Society. 28. 401-411 (1995)

Lee Won Jae：“从深海分离的海洋细菌的生态特征的研究。”《Korien 渔业学会杂志》28. 401-411 (1995)。

浦川秀敏,塚本久美子,大和田紘一: "Restriction flagmeict lergth polymorphism analysis of 16SrRNA gane of the Family Vibrionacea from cold marine environment." 国立極地研報告. (印刷中). (1997)

Hidetoshi Urakawa、Kumiko Tsukamoto、Koichi Owada：“来自寒冷海洋环境的弧菌科 16SrRNA 的限制性标记长度多态性分析”（国家极地研究所报告）（1997 年）。

Sakiyama, T.and K.Ohwada: "isolation and Growth Characteristics of Deep-Sea Barophilic bacteria from the Japan Trench." Fisheries Science. (in press). (1997)

Sakiyama, T. 和 K.Ohwada：“日本海沟深海嗜压细菌的分离和生长特征”。