Effects of Benzodiazepine Drugs on Psychomotor Functions and Development of Dependence

研究了苯二氮卓类以外的镇静药物对记忆功能和精神运动功能的影响，以及诱发依赖的可能性。受试药物为苯二氮卓类部分激动剂DN2327、选择性w_1激动剂L-846、5-羟色胺激动剂爱普沙酮、抗过敏药物依匹斯汀和酮替芬。DN2327和L 846对记忆功能和精神运动功能的影响与BZ相似，其作用过程与血药浓度相对应。然而，爱普沙酮、依匹斯汀和酮替芬缺乏这种作用。这些发现表明，BZ引起的损害依赖于其镇静作用，并对BZ受体激动剂具有特异性。停用BZ催眠药的平均生存时间为8.5个月。20%的患者在第一次就诊一年后仍会开处方，这表明这些患者依赖BZ的可能性很高。男性患者、60岁以上的患者和情感性精神病(ICD-9)被发现是与BZ长期处方相关的变量。

Sedative drugs other than benzodiazepines were investigated in terms of effects on memory function and psychomotor function, and liability to induce dependence. The drugs tested were DN-2327 (a benzodiazepine partial agonist), L-846 (a selective w_1 agonist), ipsapirone (a serotonin_<1A> agonise), epinastine and ketotifen (antiallergic drugs). The effects of DN-2327 and L-846 on memory function and psychomotor function were similar to those of BZ,the course of which corresponded to that of plasma concentration of the drugs. However, ipsapirone, epinastine and ketotifen lacked the effects. These findins suggest that impairment induced by BZ is dependent on its sedative effect and is specific for the drugs agonistic for BZ receptor.The mean survival time to discontinuation of prescriptions of BZ hypnotics was 8.5 months. Twenty percent of patients were prescribed even one year after their first visit, suggesting that these patinents were highly possible to be dependent on BZ.Male patients, aged patients over sixty and affective psychoses (ICD-9) were found to be variables associated with the long-term prescription of BZ.