Prenatal DNA diagnosis by maternal blood

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Recently it has known that nucleated fetal cells are found in maternal blood. Until now, prenatal diagnosis from fetal cells is performed invasively. An attempt was made to develop prenatal DNA diagnosis using fetal nucleated erythrocytes (NRBCs) from maternal blood. NRBCs from maternal blood (8-13 weeks of gestation) were obtained by percoll using discontinous density gradient method and cells were collected indivisually by micromanipulator. Genomic DNA was amplified by PEP-PCR method. We have established the identification method whether NRBCs are derived from fetus or not by HLA-DQalpha typing. This method will be applicable for female fetuses. We have published prenatal diagnosis for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, ornitine decarbamylase deficiency and fetal Rh blood type using this method. Furthermore, this method of prenatal diagnosis can be applied to other genomic disorders and is expected to become preffered method of noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of DNA.