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Study on the generalization of stream discharge, water velocity and water temperature by river network analysis

河网分析对河流流量、水速和水温的概括研究

基本信息

批准号：
07458024
负责人：
ARAI Tadashi
金额：
$ 5.12万
依托单位：
Rissho University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07458024/
关键词：
river stream network discharge stream velocity stream depth water temperature travel time of water Geographic Information System 水系アナログモデル

项目摘要

A GIS software for the model analysis of stream discharge, temperature and water quality has been developed and tested. The model is based on the assumption that mean velocity and mean depth may have specified values for each stream order. Investigations on velocity and depth were carried at about 130 stations in mountain streams near Tokyo. Mean velocity was deduced from amount of discharge, mean depth and mean width. It has been concluded that these parameters increase with the stream order and the mean value of each parameter is taken into the model analysis. The model covers 3^<rd> to 6^<th> order of streams, because permanent flow is not found in 2^<nd> order flow in general case.Conjunction of segments and length of each segment have been analyzed by the GIS software, after then, data are transferred to Excel or Lotus for the calculation. Analysis on travel time of water by normalized form reveals that spectrum of the time shows concentrated shape in basins with large basin shape coefficient. Flat distributions are obtained in narrow and long basins. Distribution of stream temperature has been estimated by simple heat balance equation and weighted mean of the discharge volume. It has been concluded that about 60% of the tested cases are successful ; these are basins with many branches. Dilution of BOD is calculated introducing the self-purification and mixing with clear water from branches. It may be said that the model is also useful for water quality analysis.

开发并测试了用于河流流量、温度和水质模型分析的GIS软件。该模型是基于这样的假设，即平均速度和平均深度可能有指定的值为每个流的顺序。在东京附近的山区溪流中，对大约130个站点进行了流速和深度调查。平均流速由流量、平均水深和平均宽度推算。结果表明，这些参数随流序的增加而增加，模型分析中取各参数的平均值。该模型适用于3 <rd>~ 6级<th>河流，一般情况下2级河流中不存在恒定流<nd>，通过GIS软件分析各河段的连接情况和各河段的长度，然后将数据导入Excel或Lotus进行计算。对水的走时进行归一化分析，发现在盆形系数较大的盆地中，时间谱呈集中形。在狭长的盆地中得到平坦的分布。采用简单的热平衡方程和流量加权平均法估算了流场温度分布。已经得出的结论是，约60%的测试案例是成功的，这些盆地有许多分支。引入自净化和与分支清水的混合，计算了BOD的稀释率。可以说，该模型对水质分析也是有用的。