Of Poetic Imagination of Astronomy and Literature in the Renaissance England

这个项目旨在指出伊丽莎白时代剧作家所描绘的天球的独特方面，并阐明他们在其中所反映的政治思想。据广泛观察，天文学在16世纪的欧洲达到了一个关键阶段。在1550年的S之后，天文学家不得不选择另一种系统，传统的亚里士多德-托勒密或激进的哥白尼，除非有人寻求像第谷·布拉赫折衷模型这样的解决方案。即使是极端保守的地缘中心论者，如果他们仍然是托勒密主义者，他们也不得不改变传统体系的一些细节，用更可信的理由来解释各种不规则的“天球”运动，而哥白尼似乎巧妙地解决了这些问题。在文艺复兴时期的欧洲，“天球”发生了巨大的变化这个项目分析了当代英国文学中的相应现象，特别是伊丽莎白时代的戏剧。克里斯托弗·马洛和威廉·莎士比亚在他们的戏剧《浮士德医生》、《特罗伊勒斯》和《克雷西达》中描绘了一个明显的托勒密世界。他们都删除了对天球的描述和无形球体的先验存在等。结果，他们的天球变成了一种想象的拉票，剧作家们在其中自由地得出了自己的政治思想、对无政府主义的恐惧和王权的绝对性。本项目收集和分析了1995年文艺复兴时期天文学的各种材料。在第二年，它集中在伊丽莎白时代戏剧家的天文参考中反映的政治思想。

This project is to point out unique aspects of the 'heavenly spheres' which Elizabethan dramatists depicted, and make clear their political ideas reflected in them.Astronomy, as is widely observed, reached a critical phase in the sixteenth century Europe. After 1550's, Astronomers had had to choose an alternative system, traditional Aristotelian-Ptolemaic or radical Copernican, unless one sought such a solution as an eclectic model by Tycho Brahe. Even ultra-conservative geocentricists, if they would remain Ptolemaist, had to change some details of the traditional system for explaning with more plausible reasons various irregular movements of 'heavenly spheres' which Copercican seemed to solve ingeniously.'Heavenly spheres' were drastically changed in the Renaissance Europe----------sometimes arbitrarily transformed into a reflection of particular ideas. This project has analyzed corresponding phenomena in contemporary English literature, particularly in Elizabethan dramas. Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare depicted an apparently Ptolemaic world in their plays, Doctor Faustus and Troilus and Cressida. They both deleted from their description of 'heavenly spheres' and apriori existence of invisible spheres, etc. Consequently, their 'heavenly spheres' were turned into a kind of imaginary canvass in which the dramatists freely drew their own political ideas, the fear of anarchism and absoluteness of kingship.This project collected and analyzed various materials of Renaissance astronomy in 1995. In the second year, it focused on political ideas reflected in astronomical references by Elizabethan dramatists.