Efficiency-improvement of Public Utility Enterprise Sectors under Economic Structural Adjustment in Eastern and Southern African Countries

东南非国家经济结构调整下公用事业企业部门效率提升

• 批准号: 07630038
• 负责人: UCHIDA Yasuo
• 金额: $ 0.83万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07630038/
• 关键词: Structural Adjustment Policies; Afeica; Public Utility Enterprises; Economic Development; Poorest Countries; Public Services; Development Management; Low-income Countries

In the 1980s, economies of Sub-Saharan Africa including Eastern and Southern Africa, distressed with economic crises, had no alternatives but to adopt economic structural adjustment policies, sponsored by the World Bank. While it was a major aim of the policies to achieve provate sector-led growth, efficiency-improvement of the government and the public enterprise sectors was another important issue.In this research, we selected specific publicutility enterprises, e.g. public health and medical services, grain and cereal marketing, water supply, and others, in Eastern and Southern African countries such as Kenya and Zambia. Taking account of those services' positions in political economy and historical backgrounds, their state of efficiency and causal relations were analyzed.Major observations are as follows : not only macroeconomic stabilization and reforms but rationalization of the government and the public services sector at micro level is indispensable for a success in structural adjustment ; efficiency-impeovement in the sector requires human resources development and institutional reforms including supportive meritocratic personnel management ; efficiency issues of African economies is to be tackled with, taking into consideration Africa's resource allocation systems which are very different from those in industrialized countries.

1980年代，包括东部和南部非洲在内的撒哈拉以南非洲经济体受到经济危机的困扰，别无选择，只能采取世界银行赞助的经济结构调整政策。实现部门主导型增长是政策的主要目标，但提高政府和公共事业部门的效率也是重要课题。本研究选择了肯尼亚、赞比亚等东非和南部非洲国家的公共卫生、医疗、谷物、供水等公共事业部门。本文从服务业的政治经济地位和历史背景出发，分析了服务业的效率状况和因果关系，认为结构调整的成功不仅需要宏观经济的稳定和改革，而且需要政府和公共服务部门在微观层次上的合理化;提高该部门的效率需要人力资源开发和体制改革，包括支持性的任人唯贤的人事管理;非洲经济体的效率问题将得到解决，同时考虑到非洲的资源分配制度与工业化国家的制度有很大不同。

项目成果

高橋基樹: "ザンビア:構造調整,民主化,腐敗の政治経済学" アフリカ・レポート. 21. 18-21 (1995)

Motoki Takahashi：“赞比亚：结构调整、民主化和腐败的政治经济学”《非洲报告》，21. 18-21 (1995)。

高橋基樹: "構造調整と資源配分システム分析の理論的構成-サブサハラ・アフリカにおける市場育成・経済開発にむけて(1)" 国際協力論集. 4・2. 41-64 (1996)

高桥元树：“结构调整和资源配置系统分析的理论结构——迈向撒哈拉以南非洲的市场开发和经济发展（1）”国际合作杂志4・2（1996）。

内田康雄: "サブサハラ・アフリカの開発マネージメント問題 -今後の開発支援プログラムに向けて-" アフリカ・レポート. 22. 41-44 (1996)

Yasuo Uchida：“撒哈拉以南非洲的发展管理问题 - 走向未来的发展援助计划 -”《非洲报告》22. 41-44 (1996)。

高橋基樹: "ケニアにおける市場、政府、及び経済改革-<成長志向の>構造調整に関する-試論" 世界経済評論. 39・8. 52-61 (1996)

高桥元树：“肯尼亚的市场、政府和经济改革——以增长为导向的结构调整”，《世界经济评论》39・8（1996）。

Takahashi, Motoki: ""The Political Economy of Resource Transfer between Agricultural and Industry in Sub-Saharan Africa : a Review on Applicability of the Teranishi Hypotheses"" Journal of Economics & Business Administration. vol.174, no.6. 109-129 (1996)

高桥本木：“撒哈拉以南非洲农业和工业之间资源转移的政治经济学：寺西假设的适用性回顾”经济学杂志