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Mapping and functional analysis of nucleus-cytoplasm compatibility gene in wheat

小麦核质相容性基因定位及功能分析

基本信息

批准号：
07660007
负责人：
NAKAMURA Chiharu
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

An alien nucleus-cytoplasm compatibility gene from Triticum timopheevi (Ncc-tmp) was introduced into tetraploid wheat, Triticum durum, with the cytoplasm of Aegilops squarrosa. The following results were obtained using this nucleus-cytoplasm (NC) hybrid.1) Ncc-tmp controls gametophytic male fertility and zygotic viability of the NC hybrids under hemizygous condition.2) 4 RAPD markers that are closely linked with each other and with Ncc-tmp were selected, and using a series of D genome chromosome substitution lines Ncc-tmp was mapped on chromosome 1A.3) Sequences adjacent to Ncc-tmp was conserved uniquely in timopheevi group of wheat, and this sequences were also present in Triticum urartu, a A genome donor for tetraploid and hexaploid wheat.4) Segregation analysis of plump and shriveled seeds indicated the presence of two independent functional Ncc-tmp in T.timopheevi.5) NC hybrid-specific polymorphisms were detected in mitochondrial atp6-rps13 and nad3-orf156 by SSCP analysis and PCR-restriction enzyme analysis. These results set basis for fine mapping and cloning of Ncc genes that are the key genes controlling compatibility between nuclear genome and cytoplasmic genomes in the tribe Triticeae.6) In addition, NC hybrids of common wheat cv Chinese Spring with cytoplasms of 46 species from Triticum and Aegilops were studied to examine nuclear and cytoplasmic polymorphisms that are related to NC interactions. The study showed that in certain NC hybrids nuclear polymorphisms exist and are fully transmitted through all gametes. In one NC hybrid line, it was suggested that the cytoplasmic genome type was changed into the paternal genome type. These polymorphisms might be caused by NC interaction, thus leading to NC compatibility.

将来自Triticum timopheevi (Ncc-tmp) 的外来核-细胞质相容性基因引入四倍体小麦硬粒小麦(Triticum durum) 中，其细胞质为粗山羊草(Aegilops squarrosa)。利用这种核-细胞质（NC）杂种获得了以下结果。1）Ncc-tmp在半合子条件下控制NC杂种的配子体雄性育性和合子活力。2）选择4个彼此紧密连锁并与Ncc-tmp紧密连锁的RAPD标记，并使用一系列D基因组染色体替换系将Ncc-tmp定位在染色体 1A.3) 与 Ncc-tmp 相邻的序列在 timopheevi 小麦群体中是唯一保守的，该序列也存在于四倍体和六倍体小麦的 A 基因组供体乌拉尔图小麦 (Triticum urartu) 中。4) 饱满种子和枯萎种子的分离分析表明 T.timopheevi 中存在两个独立的功能性 Ncc-tmp。5) NC 通过 SSCP 分析和 PCR 限制性内切酶分析，在线粒体 atp6-rps13 和 nad3-orf156 中检测到杂交特异性多态性。这些结果为Ncc基因的精细定位和克隆奠定了基础，Ncc基因是控制小麦族核基因组和细胞质基因组相容性的关键基因。6）此外，还对普通小麦中国春与46个小麦和山羊草细胞质的NC杂交进行了研究，以检验与NC相互作用相关的核和细胞质多态性。研究表明，在某些 NC 杂种中存在核多态性，并且通过所有配子充分传递。在一个NC杂交系中，有人建议将细胞质基因组类型改为父本基因组类型。这些多态性可能是由 NC 相互作用引起的，从而导致 NC 兼容性。