Analysis and control of anaerobic microflora in submerged soil

全世界的稻田面积为1.5亿公顷，主要在亚洲国家，这对水稻生产很重要。水稻土在淹水条件下以厌氧为主，产甲烷细菌和其他厌氧微生物的习性较好。甲烷是全球变暖气体之一，但对甲烷厌氧土壤微生物的生态学和植物群的研究尚不清楚。因此，本研究主要探讨厌氧土壤微生物的检测、分析与评价。本研究还探讨了产甲烷菌与其它土壤厌氧菌的竞争。检查点的轮廓如下：1）采用PCR方法，利用甲烷菌特异性探针对甲烷菌进行检测; 2）研究了3种不同土壤中甲烷菌活性与数量的相关性; 3）利用荧光显微镜对甲烷菌的存活和生态进行了研究。研究了连续施用秸秆条件下水稻土微宇宙中甲烷生成活性与葡萄糖反应的关系。营业额的乙酸作为竞争底物产甲烷菌和其他厌氧菌进行了测定。

Paddy fields cover 150 million ha throughout the world, mainly in Asian countries, which is important for production of rice. Paddy soil is dominated by anaerobic conditions upon submergence and preferable habit for methanogenic bacteria and other anaerobic microorganisms. Methane is one of global warming gases, though ecology and flora of such anaerobic soil microorganisms are not well understood yet. Therefore, detection analysis and evaluation of such anaerobic soil microorganisms are examined in this study. Competition of methanogens and other soil anaerobes are also investigated in this study. Outlines of the examined points are as follows ;1) Detection of methanogens by using specific probes for methanogens were performed by PCR method.2) Correlation between activity and population of methanogens were examined in three different soils.3) Survival and ecology of methanogens were investigated by using fluorescent microscope.4) Relationship between methanogenic activity and response to glucose were studied in paddy soil microcosms with continuous application of straws.5) Turnover of acetate as competing substrate for methanogens and other anaerobes were determined.