RESEARCH OF ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY SUBSTANCES IN LABIATAE PLANTS,AROMATIC PLANTS AND STUDIES ON THE ACTION MECHANISM

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We have screened and identified compounds that inhibit the replication of HIV-1 from natural products and defined the mechanisms of the anti-HIV-1 activity of the hit. We found some Labiatae plants exhibiting anti-HIV activity. We screened several aromatic plants (herbs) belonging to Labiatae, and searched for the active substances.About 40 herbs belonging to Labiatae used in Japan were extracted in the order acetone, ethanol, 70% ethanol and water. Each extract was investigated for inhibition of the replication of HIV-1 (LAV-1). Acetone and ethanol extracts of all the samples showed no activity, but the 70% ethanol extract showed light activity. Most of the water extract showed the anti-HIV-1 activity. Especially, Prunella vulgaris, Ocimum basilicum L.cv cinnamon, Melissa officianalis L.and Perilla frutescens Britt. var. acta KUdo showed very potent activity at below the concentration of 16mg/ml. By use column chromatography, we are searching for common anti-HIV-1 active substances in these herbs.Replication of the fresh isolated HIV-1 strain was inhibited by some extracts. The extracts weakly inhibited the reverse transcriptase activity of HIV-1. All the extracts suppressed giant cell formation in co-cultures of HIV-1-infected and non-infected Molt-4 cells, suggesting that these compounds can inhibit virus adsorption or fusion.Through our study, we found many herbs with anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro. It is vary meaningful that herbs belonging to Labiatae plant, reasonable and easy to cultivate, show very potent anti-HIV-1 activity. It is very important to search for the common active substance in these Labiatae plants.