Effects of matification on immunity in hosts prohibited from oral alimentation

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Parenteral alimentation is clinically applied to patients with intestinal dysfunction who are prohibited from oral alimentation. Their immunological status is often greatly suppressed making them vulnerable to opportunistic fungal infection. In this study we focused on antifungal activity (growth inhibition activity against fungi) of neutrophils in hosts unable to take oral alimentation. Neutrophils obtained from peripheral blood of normal individuals clearly inhibited the growth of Candida albicans a in vitro.. In some patients with parenteral alimentation, the anti-Candida activity of neutrophils appeared to be suppressed, but variations in the activities among patients with different diseases made clear observation impossible. The effects of a glucose and amino acid mixture prescribed for parenteral alimentation on ant-Candida activity of neutrophils were then examined. More than 1.0% of glucose inhibited the anti-Candida activity of human neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner. Thi … More s glucose effect was reduced by the addition of the amino acid mixture (especially cystein solution) which is clinically prescribed with a carbohydrate mixture solution in Japan. These results suggest that the amino acid mixture may act as a neutralizre of the suppressive action of glucose for anti-Candida activity of neutrophils.The direct effect of mastification on the immunity of mice prohibited oral alimentation could not be determined, since parenteral alimentation of these animals is very difficult. We examined instead the effects of components of saliva, the secretion of which is a main physiological response induced by mastification. A saliva component.lactoferrin augmented anti-Candaida activity of murine neutrophils. We observed that not only lactoferrin but also lysozyme inhibited the Candida growth in vitro synergistically with antifungal azoles. Oral administration of lactoferrin protected mice from lethal systemic infection by C.albicans. These findings suggest that mastification may augment the host-defense mechanisms against Candida infection perhaps through enhancement of secretion of saliva. Less