Biogenic Particle Flux : Material Cycle and Climate Change

自1989年以来，我们在白令海和亚北极太平洋中部收集了长达五年的沉积物捕集器样品，并根据这些样品进行了环境研究。AB站（北纬53.5度，西经177度;水深3788米）位于白令海的阿留申盆地。远洋站SA（北纬49度，西经174度;水深5406米）位于整个亚北极太平洋的中心。沉积物收集器样品同步在两个站，使我们可以比较的flux.Total质量通量显着大于在边缘海站AB比在远洋站SA的前四年和适度的最后一年，本实验。这反映了人们普遍承认白令海的生产力高于大洋。位于不同海情的两个站的质量通量的时间分布总体上是一致的，这意味着它们的生物生产力的时间变化是不一致的。 关于我们 两站总物质通量差异的主要原因是硅质和钙质碎屑岩组合的贡献程度不同。一个显着更高的蛋白石的贡献被确认在AB站比在AB站比在SA。在AB站的生物颗粒通量主要是由硅藻，因此颗石藻的贡献是相对较小的。总质量通量的大小在很大程度上取决于蛋白石通量的百分比。蛋白石在总质量通量中的节点重要性的这种趋势也可以在整个亚北极太平洋的其他区域看到，文献值的支持。与蛋白石通量相反，AB站的CaCO_3通量略低于SA站。在两个地区，一年中的大部分时间里，Corg/Cinorg比值都显著大于1，表明细胞质中产生的有机碳优先大于表层钙质壳中产生的无机碳。这导致了碳汇的情况，降低了pCO_2在表层。因此，生物泵正在有效地发挥作用，并将额外的大气CO_2吸入这些区域的上层海洋。比较起来，白令海的生物泵比亚北极太平洋的生物泵效率更高。少

We have carried out an environmental research based on five-year long sediment trap samples which we have been collecting in the Bering Sea and in the central subarctic Pacific over the years since 1989. Station AB (53.5ﾟN,177ﾟW ; water depth 3788m) is located in the Aleutian Basin of the Bering Sea. The pelagic Station SA (49ﾟN,174ﾟW ; water depth 5406m) is centrally located in the entire subarctic Pacific. The sediment trap samples are synchronized at the two stations so that we can compare the fluxes.Total mass fluxes were significantly greater at the marginal sea Station AB than at the pelagic Station SA for the first four years and moderately greater for the last year of the present experiment. This reflects the generally recognized higher productivity in the Bering Sea than the pelagic counterpart. Temporal patterns of the mass fluxes at the two stations located in different oceanic regimes generally paralleled, implying that temporal changes in their biological productivity is s … More trongly governed by a large scale seasonal climatic variability over the regions rather than local phenomena.The primary reason for the difference in total mass flux at the two stations mainly stems from varying degrees in contribution of siliceous and calcareous planktonic assemblages. A significantly higher opal contribution is recognized at Station AB than at Station AB than at Station SA.At Station AB the biogenic particle fluxes are constituted largely of diatoms and thus coccolithophore contribution is relatively small. The magnitude of total mass fluxes is largely governed by percent opal fluxes. Such a tendency of the nodal importance of opal contribution in total mass flux can also be seen in other regions of the entire subarctic Pacific, supported by the literature values. On the contrary to the opal fluxes, at Station AB the CaCo_3 fluxes represent a slightly lower level than that at Station SA.The obtained ratios of Corg/Cinorg are significantly greater than one for most of the time throughout the year in both regions, suggesting that preferentially greater organic carbon in cytoplasm is produced than inorganic carbon produced in calcareous shells in the surface layrs. This leads to a carbon sink situation which lowers pCO_2 in the surface layrs. Thus, the biological pump is effectively functioning and additional atmospheric Co_2 could be drawn into the upper ocean in these regions. When compared a greater efficiency in the biological pump is operating in the Bering Sea than in the pelagic subarctic Pacific. Less