Biogenic Particle Flux : Material Cycle and Climate Change

自1989年以来，我们在白令海和亚北极中部太平洋收集了五年的长时间沉积物陷阱样本，并根据这些样本进行了环境研究。AB站(北纬53.5ﾟ，西纬177ﾟ；水深3788米)位于白令海的阿留申盆地。中上层海洋站SA(北纬49ﾟ，西174ﾟ；水深5406米)位于整个亚北极太平洋的中心。两个站的沉积物截留样品是同步的，这样我们就可以比较通量。在本实验的最后一年，边缘海站AB的总质量通量明显大于远洋站SA，而在本实验的最后一年，总质量通量略大。这反映了公认的白令海的生产力高于远洋的生产力。位于不同洋区的两个台站物质通量的时间分布总体上是平行的，这意味着它们的生物生产力的时间变化是S…两站总质量通量差异的主要原因是硅质和钙质浮游生物组合的贡献程度不同。AB站的蛋白石贡献率明显高于AB站，AB站的生物颗粒通量主要由硅藻组成，因此球藻的贡献相对较小。总质量通量的大小很大程度上取决于蛋白石通量的百分比。在整个亚北极太平洋的其他区域，蛋白石对总质量通量贡献的节点重要性的这种趋势也可以看到，这一趋势得到了文献价值的支持。与蛋白石通量相反，AB站的CaCO_3通量略低于SA站。Corg/Cinorg的比值在一年中的大部分时间都显著大于1，这表明表层优先产生更多的细胞质有机碳而不是钙质壳中的无机碳。这导致了碳汇的情况，从而降低了表层的PCO_2。因此，生物泵有效地发挥了作用，可以将额外的大气CO_2吸入这些地区的上层海洋。相比之下，生物泵在白令海的运行效率比在远洋的亚北极太平洋高。较少

We have carried out an environmental research based on five-year long sediment trap samples which we have been collecting in the Bering Sea and in the central subarctic Pacific over the years since 1989. Station AB (53.5ﾟN,177ﾟW ; water depth 3788m) is located in the Aleutian Basin of the Bering Sea. The pelagic Station SA (49ﾟN,174ﾟW ; water depth 5406m) is centrally located in the entire subarctic Pacific. The sediment trap samples are synchronized at the two stations so that we can compare the fluxes.Total mass fluxes were significantly greater at the marginal sea Station AB than at the pelagic Station SA for the first four years and moderately greater for the last year of the present experiment. This reflects the generally recognized higher productivity in the Bering Sea than the pelagic counterpart. Temporal patterns of the mass fluxes at the two stations located in different oceanic regimes generally paralleled, implying that temporal changes in their biological productivity is s … More trongly governed by a large scale seasonal climatic variability over the regions rather than local phenomena.The primary reason for the difference in total mass flux at the two stations mainly stems from varying degrees in contribution of siliceous and calcareous planktonic assemblages. A significantly higher opal contribution is recognized at Station AB than at Station AB than at Station SA.At Station AB the biogenic particle fluxes are constituted largely of diatoms and thus coccolithophore contribution is relatively small. The magnitude of total mass fluxes is largely governed by percent opal fluxes. Such a tendency of the nodal importance of opal contribution in total mass flux can also be seen in other regions of the entire subarctic Pacific, supported by the literature values. On the contrary to the opal fluxes, at Station AB the CaCo_3 fluxes represent a slightly lower level than that at Station SA.The obtained ratios of Corg/Cinorg are significantly greater than one for most of the time throughout the year in both regions, suggesting that preferentially greater organic carbon in cytoplasm is produced than inorganic carbon produced in calcareous shells in the surface layrs. This leads to a carbon sink situation which lowers pCO_2 in the surface layrs. Thus, the biological pump is effectively functioning and additional atmospheric Co_2 could be drawn into the upper ocean in these regions. When compared a greater efficiency in the biological pump is operating in the Bering Sea than in the pelagic subarctic Pacific. Less