B.Smetana's Music and Idea-from a viewpoint of 'Czech National School'-

本文旨在从“捷克民族学派”的角度重新审视斯梅塔纳·S的音乐及其思想。我特别关注斯梅塔纳交响诗的美学方面，它是19世纪“音乐民族主义”的实现。除此之外，我还从接受的角度，也就是对斯梅塔纳音乐的评价的角度来追寻他的音乐思想。交响诗是一种建立在另一种音乐观念基础上的程序音乐，由李斯特首创，与音乐民族主义几乎同时产生。尤其是被称为捷克民族学派鼻祖的B·斯梅塔纳，在布拉格美学思想的影响下，以具体的节目音乐对抗建立在音乐民俗主义基础上的保守的民族主义，以对抗西欧的新浪漫主义。在本研究中，我试图重新审视斯梅塔纳的六首交响诗《我的祖国》(1874-79)的美学方面。1.他追求诗意的理想主义音乐，以民族复兴的理念为基础，通过象征性地具体化捷克古代神话、传说或捷克人民的光荣历史，如中世纪的胡斯图人，并通过描述民族生活和自然。2.因此，他试图通过象征性地将波希米亚传统音乐与当时欧洲更进步的思想--即诗与音乐的结合--结合起来，创作出更适合19世纪的捷克民族现代音乐。3.斯梅塔纳在这一流派中的贡献表明，他是如何在音乐中实现“民族主义”和“现代主义”思想的融合的。

The purpose of this study is to reconsider Smetana' s music and his ideas from a viewpoint of 'Czech National School'. In particular, I was concerned with aesthetic aspects of Smetana's symphonic poem, as a realization of 'musical nationalism' in the 19th century. And besides I pursued his musical ideas also from a viewpoint of the receptive aspects, that is, the evalution to Smetana's music. The symphonic poem, a type of program music, based on an extra musical idea, was inaugurated by F.Liszt, and came into being about the same time as musical nationalism. In particular B.Smetana, who is called an ancestor of 'Czech National School', aimed for the 'New Romanticism' in Western Europe with concrete program music under the influence of Prague aesthetic thought, against a conservative nationalism based on the folklorism of music.In this research, I attempt to reconsider the aesthetic aspects of Smetana's six symphonic poems 'My Fatherland' (1874-79). 1. He pursued poetic idealistic music based on the idea of the National Revival', by symbolically materializing Czech antique mythology, legends, or the honorable history of the Czech people such as the Hussite in the Middle Ages, and also by describing national life and nature. 2. Thus he tried to compose Czech national modern music more suitable for the 19th century, by symbolically integrating Bohemian traditional music into the more progressive ideas, namely the integration of poem and music, in Europe in those days. 3. Smetana's contributions in this genre demonstrate how he fulfilled a fusion of the ideas of 'nationalism' and 'modernism' in music.