帷幄上奏制度の実態研究-帷幄上奏データベースの作成

Hebanjosho系统的实际情况研究-Hashinogesho数据库的创建

• 批准号: 09610332
• 负责人: NAGAI Kazu
• 金额: $ 1.66万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610332/
• 关键词: submit for the Imperial sanction; Supreme Command; Military; Civil-Military Relations; Imperial Sanction; Japanese Cabinet system; Japanese Modern History; 統帥権; 帷幄上秦

1. I have carried out exhaustive researches on the appointment-and-dismissal documents of military officers contained in the Cabinet personnel documents of the National Archives. All governmental personnel documents from 1871 to 1880 were checked, and the devolution of rights to the military personnel management on the military was proved by changes of decision making procedure. Furthermore, an database of the Chief of Staffs memorials to the Emperor contained in those documents was created.2. All military personnel affairs above lieutenants required the sanction of the Cabinet until December 26,1878 when the Emperor Mutsuhito gave a direct commission to General Nozu without the Cabinet decision.After that, when an army officer was going to be assign to any position, the Chief of Staff and the Secretary of War submitted to Imperial direct sanction without the Cabinet approval. But in the case of promotion the Secretary of War submitted the application to the Cabinet before the Prime Mi … More nister submitted the imperial sanction or reported to the Throne.3. There was no cabinet document that had the Emperor's stamp of his sanction until September 1877. The Cabinet decision was the last and supreme will of the state in fact and the Emperor who was independent from the cabinet didn't exist before 1877.It started after September 1877 that sealing of the Emperor's sanction was printed to the Cabinet documents.4. These above facts show a possibility of giving a new answer to a certain question, why the independence of the military command or the foundation of the General Staff started at the end of 1878. The "Emperor's sanction" should be a premise condition of the independence of the supreme command itself. But it was realized in September 1877 for the first time and the condition for the independence of the supreme command did not exist before it. It can be considered that foundation of the General Staff in Japan was the army's movement for the "Imperial direct government" under the political situation made by "the Emperor's sanction" having appeared. Less

1.我对国家档案馆内阁人事文件中的军官任免文件进行了详尽的研究。对1871年至1880年的所有政府人事文件进行了核查，并通过决策程序的变化证明了军队人事管理权的下放。此外，还建立了这些文件所载的参谋长皇帝纪念馆数据库。所有中尉以上的军事人事事务都需要内阁的批准，直到1878年12月26日，皇帝武仁在没有内阁决定的情况下直接委托野津将军。此后，当一名军官被分配到任何职位时，参谋长和战争部长在没有内阁批准的情况下服从帝国的直接制裁。但在晋升的情况下，战争部长在总理Mi…之前向内阁提交了申请更多的妹妹提交了皇室制裁或向王位报告。直到1877年9月，才有任何内阁文件盖上皇帝的制裁印章。内阁决定实际上是国家最后的、也是最高的意志，从内阁独立出来的皇帝直到1877年才存在，从1877年9月开始，皇帝处分的印章被印在内阁文件上。这些事实表明，为什么军事指挥部的独立或总参谋部的成立始于1878年底，这一问题有可能给出新的答案。“天皇制裁”应是最高统帅本身独立的前提条件。但它是在1877年9月第一次实现的，在此之前不存在最高司令部独立的条件。可以认为，日本总参谋部的建立是军队在“皇帝制裁”所造成的政治形势下的“皇直政”运动的出现。较少

项目成果

永井 和: "鳥海靖 松尾正人 小風秀雅編『日本近現代史研究事典』"東京堂出版. 398(251-255) (1999)

永井一：《日本近代史研究辞典》，鸟海靖、松尾正人、小风秀雅编，东京堂出版社398(251-255) (1999)。

永井 和: "書評 安田浩『天皇の政治史』升味準之輔『昭和天皇とその時代』東野真『昭和天皇「二つの独白録」』"年報日本現代史. 5号. 242-255 (1999)

永井和：《书评安田浩《天皇的政治史》、真澄顺之介《昭和天皇及其时代》、东野诚《昭和天皇的《两个独白》》《日本当代史年报》第5期。 ，242-255（1999）

永井和: "書評・安田浩『天皇の政治史』他2冊"年報日本現代史. 5号. 242-255 (1999)

Kazu Nagai：“书评：安田浩的《天皇政治史》和其他两本书”《当代日本史年度报告》第 5 期。242-255（1999 年）。

Kazu NAGAI, Japanese Military in the Syowa Era. Yasushi TORIUMI, Masato MATSUO and Hidemasa OKAZE: "The Dictionary for the Study of Japanese Modern and Contemporary Hisutory"Tokyo-do. 251-255 (1999)

永井和，昭和时代的日本军人。

永井和: "鳥海靖、松尾正人、小風秀雅編『日本近代史研究事業』"東京堂出版. 398(251-255) (1999)

永井一：《日本近代史研究计划》，鸟海靖、松尾正人、小风秀雅编，东京堂出版社 398(251-255) (1999)。