A Study on 'Tempo' ; for the Search on Bureaucratic System in Near-Modern Japan Providing Special Features of 'Bakuhan-State'

通过对“节拍”的研究，可以看出，“节拍”的性质已从“幕府”与“大名”之间的强权政治转变为江户中期的日常行政事务，其中一些“大名”可视为幕府的世袭官僚。笔者通过对大名家族内部系统所记录的大量《节拍》文献的考察，得出了这样的结论。因此，可以说，尽管包含了日本的许多传统特征，但“八股国制”已经达到了现代官僚体制之前的水平。作为这项研究的另一项结果，从日本广泛传播的数十个第一音家族收集的“Tempo”文献现在正在建立一个大型数据库。它包含文档本身和文档的图像数据等数字价值。这将为“幕府”、“大名”、日本家族制度等历史考证提供有用的资料。在这个数据库的基础上，我刚刚启动了下一个项目，名为《代特米奥家族家谱研究》。

Through researches on 'Tempo', charateristics of which had changed from power politics between 'Bakufu' and 'Daimyo' to the routine administrative matters until the middle of Edo-period, some of 'Daimyo' could be considered as patrimonial bureaucrats in the Shogunate. I got such a conclusion after investigations over numeral documents of 'Tempo' recorded by inner system of Daimyo-families. As a result, it can be said that 'Bakuhan-State' had already reached to just before the modern bureaucracy although including much of the traditional features of Japan.As another result obtained by this research, documents of 'Tempo' gathered from dozens of Daiinyo-families widely spreaded in Japan are now on the way to make a large data-base. It contains digital values such as documents itself and image-data of them. They will provide useful informations for the historical anarysis concerning with 'Shogun', 'Daimyo', systems of Japanese family and so on. According to this data-base, I have just started a next project named "A Study on Daitmyo-family composed by his retainers'.