权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Genetic analysis of wild polioviruses and its ecology

野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的遗传分析及其生态学

基本信息

批准号：
08041188
负责人：
MIYAMURA Tatsuo
金额：
$ 3.2万
依托单位：
National Institute of Infectious Diseases
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Po1iovirus is a typical enterovirus and transmits from humans to humans by fecal oral routes Human being is the only sensitive animal. If good sanitary condition is once archived and maintained big outbreak of poliomyelitis wl11 be protected. However, in order to eradicate the disease poliomyelitis, community level-extensive immunity by oral vaccination and real time clinical-and viorological surveillance are essential. World Health 0rganization launched the global eradication program in 1988.In this study, we performed the genetic analysis of the wild polioviruses which has been replaced by oral vaccine viruses in Indochina area. In l997, wild type polioviruses were isolated from one patient with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) from Vietnam and 8 from Cambodia. They were all type I poliovirus. They were all diagnosed locally as AFP cases and their stool samples were sent to Japan. We isolated viruses, identified add performed intratypic differentation. The nucleotide sequences of their VP1 region were determined and compared with those of wild viruses previously isolated in this area.In previous years, there were several different strains of wi1d polioviruses were isolated in this region. However, the 9 strains isolated in 1997 belonged to the same group of strain. From the North Vietnam, isolated polioviruses were all vaccine derived viruses, and their number has been decreased in these three years. Those results were confirmed in Japan. In contrast, there were some discrepancy in the results obtained in South Vietnam and Japan. By the use of mouse La cells expressing polio receptor gene, polioviruses were efficiently and selectively isolated.The last case of poliomyelitis by wild poliovirus in the region is so far considered to be the one found on March l9,1997. Since then, no wild polioviruses were isolated. More extensive surveillance is necessary to certify as polio-free.

脊髓灰质炎病毒是一种典型的肠道病毒，通过粪口途径在人与人之间传播，人类是唯一敏感的动物。如果保持良好的卫生条件，就可以防止小儿麻痹症的大爆发。然而，为了根除脊髓灰质炎这一疾病，通过口服疫苗接种和实时临床和病毒学监测进行社区一级的广泛免疫至关重要。世界卫生组织于1988年启动了全球根除计划。本研究对印度支那地区已被口服疫苗病毒取代的脊髓灰质炎野生病毒进行了遗传分析。1997年，从越南1例急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）患者和柬埔寨8例急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）患者中分离出野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒。它们都是I型脊髓灰质炎病毒。他们都在当地被诊断为AFP病例，粪便样本被送往日本。我们分离病毒，鉴定并进行非典型分化。测定了其VP1区的核苷酸序列，并与该地区以前分离的野生病毒进行了比较。在过去几年中，在该地区分离出几种不同的野生脊髓灰质炎病毒毒株。1997年分离的9株均属同一菌株群。从北越分离出的脊髓灰质炎病毒均为疫苗衍生病毒，近三年来数量有所减少。这些结果在日本得到了证实。相比之下，在南越和日本得到的结果有一些差异。利用表达脊髓灰质炎受体基因的小鼠La细胞，可以高效、选择性地分离脊髓灰质炎病毒。到目前为止，本区域最后一例由野生脊髓灰质炎病毒引起的脊髓灰质炎病例被认为是1997年3月19日发现的一例。从那时起，没有分离出野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。有必要进行更广泛的监测，以证明无脊髓灰质炎。