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The Collaboration of International Creative Science and International Science Culture

国际创意科学与国际科学文化的合作

基本信息

批准号：
08044126
负责人：
ENOKI Manabu
金额：
$ 6.98万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

An international collaborative research program has been conducted in the field of "international creative science" and "international science culture" between Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo and University of Oxford. Both organizations exchanged researchers and students to learn different styles and methodology of education and research activities, and explored much better ways for international collaborations for mutual benefits through the following collaborative research programs :(1) Simultaneous Optimum Design of Fabrication /Structure /Properties /Evaluation of Advanced Inorganic Composites : Research activities in Japan and UK on advanced Inorganic Composites for structural and/or functional use were reviewed to summarize the underlining fabrication science/technology, microstructure, mechanical/functional properties and non-destructive evaluation. Advanced ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites were chosen for review since they are expected toplay an important role for future application. The methodology for optimum design was discussed based on some practical examples. Microscopic materials science approach was attempted to be related to mesoscopic damage initiation and growth observation, and then to macroscopic mechanical/functional properties for systematic design procedure in better material development.(2) Comparative Studies on Japanese and British Science History and Policy : The difference in Japanese and British Science History and Policy was reviewed. Especially, the research activities by the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in UK before the War were analyzed as an example of establishment of government/industry/university collaboration programs, and its influence on the Japanese activities was discussed.

东京大学高等科学技术研究中心（RCAST）和牛津大学在“国际创造科学”和“国际科学文化”领域开展了一项国际合作研究计划。两个组织交换研究人员和学生，学习不同的教育和研究活动的风格和方法，并通过以下合作研究项目探索更好的国际合作方式，以实现互利：（1）先进无机复合材料的制造/结构/性能/评估的同时优化设计：综述了日本和英国在结构和/或功能用先进无机复合材料方面的研究活动，微观结构、机械/功能特性和非破坏性评估。选择先进陶瓷纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料进行综述，因为它们有望在未来的应用中发挥重要作用。结合实例讨论了优化设计的方法。微观材料科学的方法试图与介观损伤的起始和生长观察，然后宏观力学/功能性能的系统设计程序，在更好的材料开发。(2)日英科学史与科学政策比较研究：回顾了日英两国在科学史与科学政策方面的差异。特别以战前英国航空咨询委员会的研究活动为例，分析了官产学合作项目的建立，并探讨了其对日本的影响。