Characterization of fatty acid conversion enzymes of soybean and their application for improvement of soybean oil quality

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Previously, we have reported to establish many fatty acid-mutants from X-ray irradiated soybean progenies.In this research, we analyzed their mutants using genetical and molecular biological approach, and then identified the gene family that is involved in fatty acid synthesis pathway. These results lead to conclusion that sop] and sop2 genes control the high palmitic acid character, st1 and st2 genes control the high stearic acid character, ol gene controls high oleic acid character, and fan and fanx genes control low linolenic acid character, respectively.We could isolate some cDNA clones encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase, microsomal omega-6 fatty acid desaturase and microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase from soybean seed cDNA library. Three of them were identified as corresponding clones to stl, ol and fan genes, respectively.Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of these genes under phytohormone treatments, and found that mRNA accumulations of both plastidal and microsomal omega-6 desaturase genes coordinately decreased, in contrast, that of omega-3 desaturase genes coordinately increased.