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Studies on Social Structures in Cross-cultural Region

跨文化地区社会结构研究

基本信息

批准号：
08610204
负责人：
OGATA Yukihiro
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Nihon University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The main purpose of this research was to study the social structures and to see the future prospects of Okinawa by examining the historical social conditions through cross cultural contacts, after our determining Okinawa as a cross-cultural region. The subjects of studies were boundary by Ogata, changes in their language by Aiza and small cooperative groups by Fujita. Through these studies we investigated the regional characteristics influenced by outer cultures as a case study ,with documents and data and by hearing research, but without putting into numerical values.The results obtained were that Okinawa has gone through various changes by contacts with other cultures through its history and maintained its independent identity protected by China though die geographical closeness with Japans main lands made its relation with Japan dense. Historical distinctions called "Yu" in Okinawa were laid on cross-cultural distinctions.When changed the point of view, Okinawa has been trifled with by influences of other cultures. For example, the upper class had Chinese family names and tried to establish a paternal society in the past, but the middle and lower classes had established a maternal society like Japanese old society, and a area society named "shima" surrounding a "utaki" (sacred place)". This society had closing society structure, and it was the community based lot the coexistence with the nature. But, it has many-sided structure to change to the society which moves an individual to the center defeat occupy revert, Also the area differences between the urban areas and mountain areas or remote island areas were remarkable. According to Fujita,the change of local cooperative shops named "kyodoten" were the change of cooperative communities in urban areas.Okinawa, like South East Asian countries, is a region which carries various problems of tile present and needs further investigation.

本研究的主要目的是在确定冲绳为跨文化地区后，通过跨文化接触考察历史社会状况，研究冲绳的社会结构，展望未来。研究的主题是绪方的边界，爱扎的语言变化和藤田的小型合作团体。通过这些研究，我们以个案研究的方式，运用文献资料和听觉研究的方法，考察了外来文化影响下的地域特征，结果表明，冲绳在历史上与其他文化的接触中经历了各种变化，虽然由于地理上与日本本土的密切关系，日本密集。冲绳被称为“宇”的历史区别是建立在跨文化的区别上的，换个角度来看，冲绳被其他文化的影响所轻视。例如，上层阶级有中国姓氏，过去试图建立父系社会，但中下层阶级建立了像日本旧社会那样的母系社会，以及围绕一个“utaki”（圣地）的名为“shima”的地区社会。这一社会具有封闭的社会结构，是一个与自然共生的以社区为基础的社会。但是，对中心迁个体的社会变迁具有多方面的结构性，且城市与山区或偏远岛屿地区的地域差异显著。据藤田介绍，当地名为“kyodoten”的合作商店的变化是城市地区合作社区的变化。冲绳和东南亚国家一样，是一个存在各种问题的地区，需要进一步研究。