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Ethnography of Hospital Wards ; the Notion of Illness Among Inpatients in Japan

医院病房的民族志；

基本信息

批准号：
08610320
负责人：
TSUGE Azumi
金额：
$ 0.51万
依托单位：
Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08610320/
关键词：
Medical Anthropology hospital Ward being in hospital patient notion of illness ethnography sick parson 病気観障害観疾病観参与観察聞き取り調査医療者

项目摘要

This research is part of "Ethnography of Hospital Wards" which is currently in progress. I examined notions of illness among inpatients at two hospitals through interviews and observations of nursing stations and doctors-inpatients interrelationships in consulting rooms. Both hospitals are mid-sized, with one specializing in gastroenterology and other specializing in neurosurgery. There are four important points illuminated by this research. First, inpatients tend to deny they are "byonin" (ill person) although they understand their disease. They would say they are sick but not "byonin" and would sometimes say they are healthy or energetic even after they are diagnosed with cancer. Seconderly, inpatients often spork of their life history when searching for reasons for their illness. When asked about their concerns while they were in the hospital, they would talk about their relationship with family members, colleagues, and community members. However, they would keep their hospitalization a secret from certain people (e.g. elderly parents, siblings, relatives, and community members) so as not to cause them trouble. This behavior indicates the inpatient's position and the meaning of being hospitalized in Japan. Thirdly, when I asked them to assess their hospitalization, inpatients often referred to valuable experiences. They valued their experiences because they could become acquainted with people who were from different generations and occupations, have different illnesses, and especially because they could get to know other life experiences and life philosophies. In modern Japan, this sort of experience is uncommon out side of hospital ward due to the urbanization and smaller nuclear famillies. Therefore, inpatients would evaluate their precious experiences on the ward. Lastly, inpatients entrust the attending physician with decisions regarding the cure, but took the initiative regarding prescribing medicine, extra tests, the discharge date.

这项研究是目前正在进行的“医院病房人种志”的一部分。我通过对两家医院的护士站和咨询室中医生与住院患者之间的相互关系的采访和观察，检查了住院患者对疾病的看法。这两家医院都是中型医院，一家专攻胃肠病，另一家专攻神经外科。本研究阐明了四个重要的观点。首先，住院患者往往否认自己是“病患”，尽管他们了解自己的疾病。他们会说他们生病了，但不是“BYONIN”，有时会说他们健康或精力充沛，即使在他们被诊断出患有癌症之后。其次，住院患者在寻找疾病原因时，往往会对自己的生活史嗤之以鼻。当被问及他们在医院期间的担忧时，他们会谈到他们与家人、同事和社区成员的关系。然而，他们会对某些人(如年迈的父母、兄弟姐妹、亲戚和社区成员)隐瞒他们的住院情况，以免给他们带来麻烦。这一行为表明了住院患者的地位和在日本住院的意义。第三，当我请他们评估他们的住院情况时，住院患者经常提到宝贵的经验。他们重视自己的经历，因为他们可以结识来自不同世代和职业、患有不同疾病的人，特别是因为他们可以了解其他生活经历和人生哲学。在现代日本，由于城市化和较小的核心家庭，这种经历在医院病房之外并不常见。因此，住院患者会对自己在病房的宝贵经历进行评估。最后，住院患者委托主治医生决定治疗方法，但在开药、额外检查和出院日期方面采取主动。