Research into the decentralized urban renewal system of central district in local city --case of Niigata

地方城市中心区分散式城市更新体系研究--以新泻县为例

• 批准号: 08620042
• 负责人: TERAO Hitoshi
• 金额: $ 0.32万
• 依托单位: Niigata University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08620042/
• 关键词: local city; central district; inner city; land use; urban renewal; decentralization; city planning law; Niigata; 住宅地; 商店街

This research is aimed at describing a perspective of the urban renewal legal system of central district inlocal city and at analyzing its land use as prerequisite.At first, we examine the change in position of local city in Japanese urban policy and city planning law. The present city planning code doesn't clearly distinguish the large city from the local city. The urban problem in local city is regarded to have the same character and less seriousness of that of large city. But recently, some governmental councils proposed new policy which should conquer the inner-city problems in local cities with different way from the metropolitan policy and taking advantage of the existing social overhead capital.Secondly, taking example of Niigata, we study the development of land use of local city. Niigata is located outside three metropolis, has about 500 thousands population and suffers from the inner-city problem. We examine it from two points of view.In the commercial area, small and medium retail is stagnant. But in the investigated zone, stores dealing with interior, garments or sundries opens increasingly. They have common characters as follows : (1) selling merchandise which has particular tastes and attracts small number but regular customers, (2) the age of the manager being less than forties, (3) its rent being cheap because of the bad location.In the residential area, the real estate investment is stagnant and the population is decreasing and aging. We classify families staying there into five following categories : (1) land-house holders who stays in actual address from several generations and practices real estate management, (2) land and house-store combined use building holders who need to stay there for professional reason, (3) families in row houses after moving several times in central district, (4) tenant in a condominium for professional reason, (5) joint owners of a condominium.

本研究旨在描述一个地方城市中心区城市更新法律制度的视角，并分析其土地利用作为前提条件。首先，我们考察了地方城市在日本城市政策和城市规划法中地位的变化。现行的城市规划法规没有明确区分大城市和地方城市。地方城市的城市问题被认为与大城市的城市问题具有相同的性质，但不那么严重。但最近，一些政府委员会提出了新的政策，以不同于大都市政策的方式，利用现有的社会间接资本来解决地方城市的内城问题。其次，以新泻市为例，对当地城市土地利用发展进行了研究。新泻位于三大大都市之外，拥有约50万人口，并受到内城问题的困扰。我们从两个角度来考察它。在商业领域，中小零售停滞不前。但在调查区域，经营室内装饰、服装或杂物的商店越来越多。它们的共同特点是：(1)销售有特殊口味的商品，吸引少量但经常光顾的顾客；(2)经理年龄不到40岁；(3)由于地理位置不好，租金便宜。在居住区，房地产投资停滞不前，人口减少和老龄化。我们将住在那里的家庭分为以下五类：(1)几代人都住在实际地址并从事房地产管理的土地所有者，(2)由于职业原因需要住在那里的土地和房屋混合用途建筑所有者，(3)在中心区搬了几次家后住在排屋的家庭，(4)由于职业原因住在公寓的租户，(5)公寓的共同所有者。