The Transformation of Social Values and Politico-Economic System

社会价值观至少有三种，本文作者将其分为“基本”、“硬”和“软”三种价值观。由自然环境和传统宗教构成或影响的价值观是基本价值观。硬性制度主要是由法律和习俗形成的。民族精神虽然是构成人类基本的、硬性的价值观念，但它并不总是构成人类日常行为的决定性因素。第三种价值或称软价值，在某种意义上以辩证的方式对抗着作为硬价值的既定价值，往往产生于非常的道德事件中，对人的行为的形成起着重要的作用。每位作者都选择了一些当代和历史的主题，分析了社会价值观的形成和转变。

There could be at least three kinds of social values, which the author of the first article classifies as 'basic', 'hard' and 'soft' value, The value or values consisting of or being influenced by the natural environments and traditional religions is the basic value. The hard one is mainly formed by laws and customs. Although racial or national spirits(Volksgeist) are composed of the basic and hard values, they are not always the decisive elements that form the ordinary human behaviors. The third value or the soft value, which in some sense, in a dialectical mode, resists the established value as hard one and often emerges out of extraordinary moral incidents, plays the important role on the formation of human behaviors. Having selected some contemporary and historical topics, each author analysed the formation and transformation of social values.