The Transformation of Social Values and Politico-Economic System

至少可以有三种社会价值观，第一篇文章的作者将其分类为“基本”、“硬”和“软”价值观。由自然环境和传统宗教组成或受其影响的价值观是基本价值观。硬的主要是由法律和习俗形成的。虽然种族或民族精神（Volksgeist）是由基本的和硬的价值观组成的，但它们并不总是形成普通人类行为的决定性因素。第三种价值，即软价值，在某种意义上以辩证的方式与既定的硬价值相抗衡，往往产生于特殊的道德事件，对人类行为的形成起着重要的作用。每个作者都选择了一些当代和历史的话题，分析了社会价值观的形成和转变。

There could be at least three kinds of social values, which the author of the first article classifies as 'basic', 'hard' and 'soft' value, The value or values consisting of or being influenced by the natural environments and traditional religions is the basic value. The hard one is mainly formed by laws and customs. Although racial or national spirits(Volksgeist) are composed of the basic and hard values, they are not always the decisive elements that form the ordinary human behaviors. The third value or the soft value, which in some sense, in a dialectical mode, resists the established value as hard one and often emerges out of extraordinary moral incidents, plays the important role on the formation of human behaviors. Having selected some contemporary and historical topics, each author analysed the formation and transformation of social values.