A Study in the History of the Financial Relations between Great Britain and Ireland before the First World War

第一次世界大战前英国与爱尔兰金融关系史研究

• 批准号: 08630068
• 负责人: SATO Yoshihiko
• 金额: $ 0.83万
• 依托单位: Iwate University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08630068/
• 关键词: Act of Union; Irish Home Rule Problem; Local Government (Ireland) Act; Government of Ireland Act; アイルランド; 自治問題; 財政問題

The Purpose of this Research is to make clear the financial backgrounds and constitutional significances of the Government of Ireland Act of 1914, by researching the financial relations between Great Britain and Ireland during 1800 and 1914.The Research Results are summarized as follows :(1)After the legislative Union of 1800 and the financial union during the liberalistic period, the Irish agricultural problems, local and national financial problems, and governmental problems were aggravated by "the Great Depression in Agriculture" during the late of the 19th century.(2) In 1896, the Final Report of the Royal Commission of the Financial Relations between Great Britain and Ireland declared that Ireland had been greatly overtaxd for many years. Therefore, the Local Government (Ireland) Act of 1898 was enacted, by which the representative councils like as county councils were established and the grant-in-aids like as agricultural grants were provided, especially in order to remove the rates burdens of the landed classes.(3) By such grant-in-aids and especially the old age pensions since 1908, the Irish "local expenditures" from the Irish "true revenues" were increased very rapidly. In 1911, consequently, the Report by the Committee on Irish Finance reported that the Irish "imperial contributions" had become a minus. In 1912, therefore, Prime Minister Asquith introduced the Government of Ireland Bill of l9l2, arguing that "Home Rule would be a means of・・・giving Irishmen a direct interest in economy・・・and a direct responsibility for waste". The Bill was enacted in 1914, according to the provisions of the Parliament Act of 1911.

本研究的目的是通过研究1800年至1914年间英国与爱尔兰之间的金融关系，厘清1914年爱尔兰政府法案的金融背景和宪法意义。研究结果概括如下：(1)1800年立法联盟和自由主义时期的金融联盟之后，“爱尔兰大萧条”加剧了爱尔兰的农业问题、地方和国家财政问题以及政府问题。 (2) 1896年，英国和爱尔兰财政关系皇家委员会的最终报告宣称，爱尔兰多年来税收严重过高。因此，颁布了1898年《地方政府（爱尔兰）法》，设立了县议会等代表委员会，并提供了农业补助等补助金，特别是为了减轻地主阶层的税费负担。（3）通过这种补助金，特别是1908年以来的养老金，爱尔兰“真实收入”中的“地方支出”增长得很快。因此，1911年爱尔兰财政委员会的报告称，爱尔兰的“皇家捐款”已变成负值。因此，1912年，阿斯奎斯首相提出了爱尔兰政府1912法案，认为“地方自治将是一种手段……让爱尔兰人对经济有直接利益……并对浪费负有直接责任”。该法案根据1911年议会法案的规定于1914年颁布。

项目成果

佐藤芳彦: "欧米近現代財政史・国制史研究の一視角(中)" 岩手大学人文社会科学部紀要『アルテス リベラレス』. 59号. 19-42 (1996)

佐藤义彦：《近代欧美金融史与国家制度史研究的视角（中）》岩手大学人文社会科学学部公报《Artes Liberales》第59期19-42（1996）。

佐藤芳彦: "『選挙制度調査勅命委員会報告書(1910年)』分析" 岩手大学人文社会科学部地域文化基礎研究講座編『人間・文化・社会』. 395-414 (1997)

佐藤义彦：《选举制度调查委员会报告书解析（1910年）》岩手大学人文社会科学学院地域文化基础研究部编《人类、文化与社会》395。 -414 (1997)