有機栽培における施用有機質堆肥の窒素と炭素の作物吸収,土壌残存、揮散等の動態解析

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Recently, animal manure was rediscovered as being significant to agricultural ecosystems, and the nitrogen kinetics have been studied with ^<13>C and ^<15>N labelled manure to grasp the optimum methods of animal manure appolication. The uptake ratios of nitrogen derived from animal manures on various crops were revealed through those studies.Production of ^<13>C and ^<15>N labelled manure.^<13>C and ^<15>N-labelled dent corn was cultivated in glass house by applying (^<15>NH_4)_2SO_4 and K^<15>NO_3 (about 10 atom% ^<15>N each) and ^<13>CO_2. After harvesting, dent corn was broken into pieces with a cokefodder crusher and silaged for about 2 moths as cow feed.A cow (about 150 kg weight) was fed with ^<15>N-labelled cattle feces was collected daily for 2 dags, and ^<13>C and ^<15>N-labelled were collected daily for days. By addition of water and sawdust to them, moisture and C/N ratio of those cattle feces became about 65% and 40, respectively. About 0.5kg of the materials were composted in a styrofoam box at 50℃ for 3 months.The manure was sometimes mixed to promote the composting, and water was added when the manure was dried up during the composting period. As a result, ^<13>C-and ^<15>N-labelled manure composts were obtained. From 1 to 2% of the ^<13>C and ^<15>N in the compost were absorbed directly by rice plant and from 10 to 13 of the ^<13>C in the compost were absorbed directly by dent corn plant.