Practical design procedures of different types of retaining walls against high seismic loads

不同类型挡土墙抗高地震荷载的实用设计程序

• 批准号: 10555159
• 负责人: KOSEKI Junichi
• 金额: $ 4.48万
• 依托单位: University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10555159/
• 关键词: Retaining wall; Reinforced soil; Seismic design; Model test; Earth pressure; Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake; Failure plane; Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake; ひずみの局所化

In order to establish practical design procedures to evaluate seismic stability of different types of retaining walls against high seismic loads, a series of irregular shaking tests was conducted on retaining wall models consisting of six different types.In some tests, after the first failure plane was formed in the backfill, the second failure place was formed at higher seismic loads. This can be explained by considering the effects of strain localization in the backfill soil and associated post-peak reduction in the shear resistance from peak to residual values along a previously formed failure plane. Such behavior has not been observed in the tilting tests and the sinusoidal shaking tests that were conducted on the same models in the previous study.In these tests, reinforced-soil retaining wall models with a rigid full-height facing exhibited a ductile behavior compared to conventional type retaining wall models such as gravity-type, leaning-type and cantilever-type ones. When the model walls started to tilt, concentration of subgrade reactions at the toe of conventional type retaining walls resulted in local failure due to loss of bearing capacity. On the other hand, under similar conditions, tensile force in the reinforcements of the reinforced-soil retaining walls could be mobilized effectively to resist against the tilting displacement.In addition, performance of retaining walls during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake was investigated. It was estimated that damage to conventional type retaining walls was caused by permanent ground displacement along surface faults, large-scale slope movement, loss of bearing capacity in the subsoils, excessive inertia force of the wall, and/or insufficient compaction of the backfill. It was also shown that extent of damage to reinforced-soil retaining walls using keystones as a facing was affected by the amount of vertical spacing of the reinforcements under otherwise similar conditions.

为了建立实用的设计程序来评估不同类型挡土墙在高地震荷载作用下的抗震稳定性，对6种不同类型的挡土墙模型进行了一系列不规则振动试验，其中一些试验表明，在较高的地震荷载下，在回填土中形成第一个破坏面后，会形成第二个破坏区。这可以通过考虑回填土中应变局部化的影响，以及相关的峰后剪切阻力沿先前形成的破坏面上从峰值到残余值的减小来解释。在以往相同模型的倾斜试验和正弦振动试验中，没有观察到这种行为。在这些试验中，与重力式、倾斜式和悬臂式等常规类型的挡墙模型相比，刚性全高面板加筋土挡墙模型表现出了延性。当模型墙开始倾斜时，常规式挡土墙的路基反力集中在趾端，导致局部破坏，从而失去承载能力。另一方面，在相似的条件下，可以有效地调动加筋土挡土墙加筋土处的拉力，以抵抗倾斜位移。此外，还研究了1999年集集地震期间挡土墙的性能。据估计，常规类型挡土墙的损坏是由于地表断层上的永久地面位移、大规模的斜坡移动、地基土的承载能力丧失、墙的惯性力过大和/或回填土压实不足造成的。试验还表明，在其他相似的条件下，采用龙骨作为面板的加筋土挡墙的破坏程度受加筋土层的垂直间距的影响。

项目成果

Koseki, J., Munaf, Y., Tatsuoka, F., Tateyama, M., Kojima, K. and Sato, T.: "Shaking and tilt table tests of geosynthetic-reinforced soil and conventional-type retaining walls"Geosynthetic International. Vol. 5, Nos. 1-2. 73-96 (1998)

Koseki, J.、Munaf, Y.、Tatsuoka, F.、Tateyama, M.、Kojima, K. 和 Sato, T.：“土工合成材料加筋土和常规型挡土墙的振动和倾斜台试验”土工合成材料国际

Koseki,J.ほか: "A modified procedure to evaluate active earth pressure considering effects of strain localization in backfill soil" Bulletin of ERS. Vol.31. 3-11 (1998)

Koseki, J. 等人：“考虑回填土中应变局部化的影响来评估主动土压力的修改程序”，ERS 公告，第 31 卷（1998 年）。

Koseki, J., Tatsuoka, F., Munaf, Y., Tateyama, M. and Kojima, K: "A modified procedure to evaluate active earth pressure at high seismic loads"Soils and Foundations, Special Issue on Geotechnical Aspects of the January l7 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu Earthquake. V

Koseki, J.、Tatsuoka, F.、Munaf, Y.、Tateyama, M. 和 Kojima, K：“评估高地震荷载下主动土压力的改进程序”土壤与基础，一月岩土工程方面特刊

渡辺健治,Munaf,Y.,古関潤一ほか: "補強土擁壁の地震時安定性に関する傾斜・振動台実験"ジオシンセティックス論文集. 第14巻. 110-119 (1999)

Kenji Watanabe、Munaf、Y.、Junichi Koseki 等人：“加筋土挡土墙地震稳定性的倾斜和振动台实验”土工合成材料论文集，第 14 卷，110-119 (1999)。

舘山勝,堀井克己,古関潤一,龍岡文夫: "ジオテキスタイル補強土擁壁の耐震性"ジオシンセティックス論文集. 第14巻. 1-18 (1999)

Masaru Tateyama、Katsumi Horii、Junichi Koseki、Fumio Tatsuoka：“土工织物加固土挡墙的抗震性”土工合成材料论文集第 14 卷 1-18 (1999)。