Studies on the spectral states of black hole X-ray stars

双星系统中的黑洞和活动星系核被吸积盘所包围。在SS 433和Brazers观测到的天体物理喷流被认为是从吸积盘中喷射出来的。最近，对SS 433喷流的X射线观测取得了重要进展。因此，我们集中在SS 433射流和SS 433射流的结构和发射的研究。本研究的主要结果总结如下。(1)我们可以推导出确定沿着射流温度分布的解析解。在射流的内部，离子和电子的温度不同，射流是光学厚的，而在外部，两个温度相同，射流是光学薄的。(2)射流在靠近中心物体处呈圆锥形，而在外部，射流截面随着离中心物体的距离而增大。(3)音速点位于109 ×10^7 cm的距离处，这排除了气体压力作为射流加速的可能机制。(4)辐射压力也被排除作为一个可能的加速机制，因为内部的射流是光学厚。(5)我们发现的喷流解预言了伽马射线的发射，其总量为1010 ^<39>erg/s。没有观测到这样的伽马射线表明喷流的内部被厚的吸积盘屏蔽。

Black holes in the binary systems and active galactic nuclei are surrounded with an accretion disk. Astrophysical jets, observed in SS 433 and brazers, are considered to be ejected from the accretion disk. Recently, X-ray observations are yielding an important progress on the SS 433 jets. Hence, we focused on the SS 433 jets and studied the structure and emission of the SS 433 jets. The main results of this study are summarized as follows.(1) We can derive the analytical solutions that determine the temperature distribution along the jet. In the inner part of a jet the ion and electron temepratures are different and the jet is optically thick, whereas in the outer part two temperatures are the same and the jet is optically thin.(2) The jet is conical near the central object, while in the outer part the jet cross section increases with distance from the central object.(3) The sonic point is located at the distance of〜9×10^7 cm, which excludes the gas pressure as a possible mechanism for jet acceleration.(4) The radiation pressure is also ruled out as a possible acceleration mechanism since the inner part of the jet is optically thick.(5) The jet solution we found predicts a gamma ray emission, which amounts to〜10^<39> erg/s. No observation of such gamma rays indicates that the inner part of the jet is screened by a thick accretion disk.