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The brain as a photoreceptor : intracerebral ocelli in the Coleoptera.

大脑作为光感受器：鞘翅目中的脑内单眼。

基本信息

批准号：
10640659
负责人：
HARIYAMA Takahiko
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Tohoku university
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10640659/
关键词：
Intracerebral photoreceptor information using light compound eye lateral eye micro brain firefly coleopteran metamorphosis per 抗体昆虫休眠複眠

项目摘要

Light affects living beings in diverse ways and photic information is perceived not only through the eyes but also through extraocular photoreceptors. The physiological roles of the latter are manifold : e.g. control of biorhythms, copulation, escape, skin color. Morphological studies have revealed that the bean beetle Epilachna and caddisflies possess intracerebral ocelli in their optic ganglia which develop from the lateral ocelli of the larvae.A pair of bilaterally placed specialized pigmented organs was found at the caudal ends of the brains of the fireflies Luciola cruciata and L.lateralis. On the basis of serial semi thin sections of plastic-embedded brains of both male and female individuals, it was concluded that the pigmented organs in question, which existed close to the compound eye, seemed photoreceptive in nature. Further electron microscopical observations revealed that the cells in the center of the intracerebral ocelli had numerous microvilli and that the direction of t … More he microvilli was irregular.(1) Observations on 12 Coleoptera including fireflies revealed the presence of intracerebral structures in nine different species. Ladybird beetles, on the other hand, possessed structures similar in organization and position to those of the fireflies, namely in the caudal area of the brain. No pigmented areas were observed in three species.(2) Intracellular and extracellular recordings were obtained from the intracerebral ocelli of the fireflies with microelectrodes. The physiological evidence revealed that the cells found in the brain were, indeed, photoreceptors with high sensitivity comparing with the retinula cells in its compound eye. The spectral sensitivity curves obtained from 21 penetrated cell revealed the peak of the spectral sensitivity curve, λ max, was 530 nm. Values of λ max of the retinula cells have been given as 380 nm and 560 nm. The λ max of the spectral sensitivity of the intracerebral ocelli was different from that of the retinula cell.(3) The λ max of the spectral sensitivity curve obtained from the lateral eye of larvae was 530 nm, and the structure of the lateral ocelli resembled to the intracerebral ocelli of adults.(4) In order to confirm the origin of the intracerebral ocelli, we removed the lateral ocelli (1) and injected tracer into the lateral ocelli (2). Those experiment revealed that the origin of the intracerebral ocelli is, indeed, from the lateral ocelli of larvae. Less

光以不同的方式影响生物，光信息不仅通过眼睛感知，而且通过眼外光感受器感知。后者的生理作用是多方面的：例如控制生物节律、交配、逃跑、肤色。形态学研究表明，豆瓢虫Epilachna和石蛾Caddisflies的视神经节内均具有由幼虫侧眼细胞发育而来的脑内眼细胞;十字萤Luciola cruciata和侧萤L. lateralis的脑尾端均具有一对位于两侧的特殊色素器官。根据一系列的半薄切片的塑料包埋的大脑的男性和女性的个人，它的结论是，色素的器官问题，存在于复眼附近，似乎感光的性质。进一步电镜观察发现，脑内单眼中央的细胞有大量的微绒毛，微绒毛的方向与小脑半球的方向一致。 ...更多信息微绒毛不规则。(1)对包括萤火虫在内的12种鞘翅目昆虫的观察显示，9种不同物种的脑内结构存在。另一方面，瓢虫的结构在组织和位置上与萤火虫相似，即位于大脑的尾部区域。在3个种属中未观察到色素沉着区域。(2)用微电极对萤火虫脑内单眼进行细胞内和细胞外记录。生理学证据表明，与复眼中的小网膜细胞相比，脑中发现的细胞确实是具有高灵敏度的光感受器。21个穿透细胞的光谱灵敏度曲线显示，光谱灵敏度曲线的峰值λ max为530 nm。小网膜细胞的λ max值为380 nm和560 nm。视网膜细胞和小脑内单眼细胞的光谱灵敏度λ max不同。(3)幼虫侧眼的光谱灵敏度曲线λ max为530 nm，侧单眼结构与成虫脑内单眼相似。(4)为了证实大脑内单眼的起源，我们切除了外侧单眼（1）并将示踪剂注入外侧单眼（2）。这些实验表明，脑内单眼的起源，确实是从外侧单眼的幼虫。少