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Speciation, karyotypic differentiation, and hybrid zones in the Gagrellula ferruginea-group (Arachnida, Opiliones)

Gagrellula ferruginea 群（蛛形纲、Opiliones）的物种形成、核型分化和杂种区

基本信息

批准号：
10640682
负责人：
TSURUSAKI Nobuo
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10640682/
关键词：
chromosomes speciation hybrid zone harvestmen

项目摘要

The Gagrellula ferruginea-group, consisting of three species (G.ferruginea, G.grandis, G.sp.), shows great karyotypic variability both between and within species. Geographical patterns of the karyotype differentiation and the role of the chromosomal hybrid zones in the speciation process of the group were investigated. The principal results obtained are as follows : (1) The number of chromosomes ranged from 2n=10 to 24 in G.ferruginea, 2n=18-20 in G.sp. and 2n=20 in G.grandis. Of these, G.ferruginea, occupying the widest ranges in the group, was most variable in both karyotypes and external morphology. Basically, no close association was found between differentiations in karyotypes and external morphology. (2) G.ferruginea showed greatest diversity in chromosome number in the area surrounding Tango Mountains in northern Kink district, Honshu ; where the number ranges from 2n=14 to 20. At the every points where two populations with different chromosome numbers abut, a hybrid zone was always found. (3) Two geographic races (Kyushu-Hiroshima race and Daises race) of "Gagrellula ferruginea" meet in the western of Hiroshima Prefecture, with a slight overlap of their ranges. In the overlap zone, relative length of legs to body significantly differed between the two races ; indicating occurrence of character displacement. (4) It was found that two geographical populations with different chromosome numbers show prezygotic reproductive isolation more or less, though it is usually far from complete and hence hybrid zones are formed.

锈色Gagrellula ferruginea类群包括三个种（锈色Gagrellula ferruginea，G.grandis，G.sp.），在种间和种内都表现出很大的核型变异性。本文还对核型分化的地理模式和染色体杂交带在该类群物种形成过程中的作用进行了探讨。主要结果如下：（1）锈色棉2n=10 ~ 24，大棉2n=20，黑棉2n=18-20。其中，G. ferrugluca在该组中占据最广泛的范围，在核型和外部形态上变化最大。基本上，没有密切的联系被发现之间的分化核型和外部形态。(2)在日本本州北方Kink区Tango山周围的区域，G. ferrugulae的染色体数目表现出最大的多样性，其数目范围为2n=14至20。（3）在广岛县西部，锈色盖格雷霉的两个地理小种（九州-广岛小种和Daises小种）相遇，分布区略有重叠。在重叠区，腿的相对长度，身体显着不同的两个种族之间，表明发生的字符位移。(4)结果表明，染色体数目不同的两个地理群体或多或少地表现出合子前生殖隔离，但这种隔离往往是不完全的，因而形成了杂种带。