Study on Diagnostic System of Ventilation Characteristics of Air-Tight Houses Based on Tracer Gas Experiment

本研究旨在建立新建成的气密性房屋的评价方法，包括：1)基于示踪气体实验的各房间换风特性；2)交叉通风特性；3)气密性和室外风况对安装通风设备的影响。对于第一个目的，我们使用全尺寸样板房进行了可行性研究，发现如果每隔30分钟脉冲注入示踪气体，可以准确评估每个房间的稳态示踪气体浓度和房间间的流速。并将该方法成功应用于某超高层集体住宅的稳态浓度分布和室内空气交换率的快速评估。对于交叉通风特性的评价，我们利用一个中层建筑的集体住宅进行了现场实验，发现下游房间和下游的示踪气体浓度趋于均匀。然而，假设每个房间的空气完全混合，房间浓度的时间变化与微分方程的解并不吻合。示踪气体的注入方法和室内空气的混合方法有待进一步研究。利用现场压力测量和风洞试验，开展了新的试验研究。最后，为了估算通风系统、气密性与室外风况之间的关系，对位于市区的超高层住宅的漏风区域进行了多次现场测量。结果表明，不同房屋间门的漏风面积差异较大，对房屋整体气密性和换气特性具有决定性影响。在此基础上，利用风洞试验数据、气候数据和建筑气密性数据，建立了中心型超高层公寓建筑设备通风性能的评价方法。少

This study aims at developing evaluation method of recently built air-tight houses concerning 1)air exchange characteristics in each room based on tracer gas experiment, 2)cross-ventilation characteristics and 3)effect of air-tightness and outdoor wind condition on installed ventilation equipments. As for the first purpose, we performed feasible study using full-sized model house and found that accurate evaluation of steady state tracer gas concentration in each room as well as inter-room flow rates is capable if pulse injection of tracer gas is made at an interval of 30 minutes. This method was then successfully applied to a collective house of super high-rise building for the quick evaluation of steady state concentration distribution and inter-room air exchange rates. As for the evaluation of cross-ventilation characteristics, we performed on site experiment using a collective house of middle story building, and found that tracer gas concentration of downstream rooms and downstream … More windows becomes almost uniform. However, temporal variations of room concentration does not well coincide with the solution of differential equation assuming each room air is completely mixed. Further work is needed concerning the injection method of tracer gas and mixing method of room air. A New trial research is then started to utilize on site pressure measurement and wind tunnel experiment. As for the last purpose of estimation of relationship between ventilation system, and air-tightness and outdoor wind condition, a number of field measurement was carried out of the air leakage areas of super-high-rise apartment houses located in urban area. It was found that air leakage area of doors is significantly different among the houses, and it can affect decisive influence of over all air-tightness and air exchange characteristics of the houses. Based on the measurement, an evaluation method of ventilation performance of equipment installed at center-core type super-high-rise apartment houses is developed using wind tunnel test data, climate data and air-tightness data of the building. Less