Phylogeographic study on Fagus crenata populations by the analysis on organelle DNA

本研究的目的是通过对毛茛细胞器（线粒体和叶绿体）单倍型的研究，绘制毛茛居群分布于整个地区的系统地理图谱，探讨毛茛居群的地理分布与世系之间的关系。结论如下。(1)中华绒蚶居群线粒体DNA变异与系统地理结构研究中华绒蚶居群线粒体DNA变异分布于整个种域。利用限制性片段长度多态性鉴定出8个区单倍型。种群内的单倍型多样性很低，但种群分化程度很高。dna变异与酶变异明显不同。母系遗传mtDNA的基因流应局限于种子传播，而核基因流则是通过种子和花粉传播来实现的。因此，线粒体dna与其他酶的差异很大程度上可能是与花粉传播相关的基因流比与种子传播相关的基因流高得多的结果。mtDNA变异具有较强的地理结构，可能反映了物种在末次盛冰期和随后的殖民时期的分布。(2)研究了白山山及其周边地区白山山褐家兔种群的系统地理结构，分析了白山山褐家兔种群的5个亚种群和分布于本州中西部的19个种群的褐家兔mtdna变异。在白草种群中检测到3个单倍型，遗传结构明显。从19个居群中检测到6个单倍型，其分布表明，末次冰期后不同的世系在定居过程中迁移到白山。(3)黄颡鱼居群系统地理图谱利用mtDNA变异绘制黄颡鱼居群系统地理图谱。mtDNA的系统地理分布揭示了种群的地理分布与世系之间的关系。少

Objectives of this study is to make a phylogeographic map of Fagus crenata populations spread the entire disticution by investigating the haplotypes of organelles (mitochondria and choloroplast) and to find the relationship between geographic distribution and lineages of the populations. The conclusion is as follows.(1) Mitochondrial DNA variation and phylogeographic structure in 17F. crenata populationsMitochondrial DNA variation in 17F. crenata populations distributed throughout the species' range. Eight district haplotypes were identified using the restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Haplotype diversity within the populations was found to be very low, but population differentiation to be much higher. The mDNA variation was strikingly different from alloyzyme variation. Gene flow for maternally inherited mtDNA should be restricted to seed dispersal while nuclear gene flow occurs by both seed and pollen dispersal. Therefore, the difference in the variation between mtDNA and all … More ozymes may be largely a result of the much higher rate of gene flow associated with pollen dispersal than with seed dispersal. The mtDNA variation displayed strong geographic structure, which may reflect the species' distribution in the last glacial maximum and subsequent colonization.(2) Phylogeographic structure of F. crenata populations in Mt. Hakusan and the regions around itMtDNA variation in F. crenata was studied in five subpopulations of Hakusan populations and 19 populations distributed from central to western Honshu. Three haplotypes were detected within Hakusana populations and genetic structure was evident. Six haplotypes were detected from the 19 populations and the distribution revealed indicated that different lineages migrated into Mt. Hakusan in the processes of colonization after the last glaciation.(3) A phylogeographic map of F. crenata populationsA phylogeographic map of F. crenata populations was made using the mtDNA variation. The phylogeographic distribution of mtDNA revealed the relationships between geographic distribution and lineages of the populations. Less