Host Selection of Anti-tumor Basidiomycetes meshimakobu (Phellinus linteus) for yamaguwa (Morus bombycis).

山桑（桑蚕）抗肿瘤担子菌（桑黄）的宿主选择。

• 批准号: 10660167
• 负责人: KAWACHI Shinsaku
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: University of Miyazaki
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660167/
• 关键词: Anti-tumor; Basidiomycetes; Phellinus linteus; Host selection; Morus bombycis; Wood rotting fungi; Oxyresveratrol; Antifungal activity; オキシレスベラロール

Yamaguwa is well known as one of the most durable wood for decay in Japan. Anti-tumor mushroom, meshimakobu is found typically in this yamaguwa wood. We attempted to clear the reason why mesimakobu selects yamaguwa as a host wood.The mycerial growth of mesimakobu in yamaguwa wood was promoted more than kunugi and konara wood. In the case of mannentake, kawaratake and shiitake, their growth were depressed in yamaguwa wood. It was found that a hot water extracts of yamaguwa contained a promoter for meshimakobu and methanol extracts contained inhibitors for other wood rotting fungi.The phenol fraction of methanol extracts of yamaguwa showed greater antifungal activities for wood rotting fungi, other than meshimakobu. Oxyresveratrol was presumed as a main antifungal factor in a phenol fraction of methanol extracts of yamaguwa. Meshimakobu was however very weak and easily defeated by other wood rotting fungi even when oxyresveratrol was added in a culture medium.From these results, it seems that meshimakobu could be barely survived only in yamaguwa because antifungal factor, oxyresveratrol prevented significantly the growth of other strong wood rotting fungi.

Yamaguwa被认为是日本最耐用的腐烂木材之一。抗肿瘤蘑菇，Meshimakobu是这种山梨树的典型成分。我们试图弄清梅西玛柯布选择山梨木作为寄主的原因，在山谷瓦林木中菌丝生长比在库努吉和科娜拉林中更有促进作用。在山竹、川竹和香菇中，它们的生长在山谷洼树林中受到抑制。结果表明，山梨花热水提取物中含有对腐烂真菌的促进剂，而甲醇提取物中含有对其他木材腐烂真菌的抑制作用；山梨花甲醇提取物中的酚类成分对木材腐烂真菌有较强的抗真菌活性，而对木腐菌的抑菌活性较差。据推测，氧化白藜芦醇是羊肚菌甲醇提取物中的一个主要抗真菌成分。然而，即使在培养基中加入氧化白藜芦醇，Meshimakobu也很弱，很容易被其他木材腐烂真菌击败。从这些结果来看，Meshimakobu似乎只有在山谷瓦才能勉强存活，这是因为抗真菌因子氧化白藜芦醇显著阻止了其他强木材腐烂真菌的生长。