Soil loss control and treatment of muddy water due to soil loss with filter material and effects of them

滤料防治水土流失及水土流失泥水处理及其效果

• 批准号: 10660226
• 负责人: TAKUMA Katsutoshi
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: Tottori University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660226/
• 关键词: filter material; treatment of muddy water; soil loss; hydroxyaluminum; zeolite; 土壌流亡抑止; 降雨シュミレータ; 人工フィルター; 降雨強度変化; PAC; 浄化材

Nature is destroyed by disordered development of cities and farmland. The land deprived of vegetable causes soil loss and degradation. And, the muddy water generated from that land brings about secondary environmental destruction such as water pollution in the downstream basin. This paper examines the treatment effects of artificial filter materials and water purification materials on the improvement of the muddy water generated from land development activities. Suspended solids can be removed fairly well by combining artificial filters in various modes. However, the clogged conditions of gaps become a trouble to artificial filter materials. It has been proved that combinations of water purification materials and artificial filter materials have sufficient treatment effects on the purification of muddy water. Furthermore, it is considered that muddy water can be treated more effectively by combining these materials with existing facilities such as a settling basin.It was experimented and was examined using the PAC of water purification medicine. The aggregation is promoted the paddy soil by using soil conditioner. And, the soil aggregate destruction by the impulsive force of the raindrop is prevented by the increase of the undrained shear strength of soil. However, there is no rise of the effect, when it is not more effective, as it is done, if the soil conditioner does this concentration thick, and when any fixed concentration is exceeded. Permeability of the soil, improvement of the drainage, improvement on the harrowing can expect that the PAC is added to the paddy soil. In addition, soil aggregate increases on the soil loss by run-off, and it is reduced by the development of the granular structure. In actual field, it is necessary to carry out whether it can expect the effect of the PAC how much and further examination.

城市和农田的无序开发破坏了自然。没有蔬菜的土地会造成土壤流失和退化。而且，从那块土地产生的浑浊的水带来了二次环境破坏，如下游流域的水污染。本文研究了人工滤料和净水材料对土地开发活动产生的浑浊水的处理效果。通过组合不同方式的人工过滤器，可以很好地去除悬浮固体。然而，缝隙堵塞的条件成为人工过滤材料的麻烦。实践证明，净水材料与人工滤料的组合对浑浊水的净化效果较好。此外，认为将这些材料与现有的沉淀池等设施相结合可以更有效地处理浑水，并用净水药剂的PAC进行了试验和检验。土壤改良剂能促进水稻土团聚体的形成。通过提高土体的不排水抗剪强度，防止了雨滴冲击力对土壤团聚体的破坏。然而，当它不是更有效时，如果土壤改良剂将浓度调得很厚，当超过任何固定浓度时，效果不会上升。土壤的渗透性、排水性的改善、犁沟的改善可以期待在水稻土中加入PAC。另外，土壤团聚体通过径流增加土壤流失量，并随着颗粒结构的发展而减少。在实际领域中，有必要对PAC能否预期效果进行多大程度的检验和进一步检验。

项目成果

安田裕: "ゼオライトによる土壌中の水分・塩分制御"鳥取大学農学部研究報告. 51巻. 35-42 (1998)

Yutaka Yasuda：“利用沸石控制土壤中的水分和盐度”鸟取大学农学部研究报告第 51 卷 35-42（1998 年）。

田熊勝利、 安田裕: "土壌流亡に伴う濁水のフィルター材による処理と効果"鳥取大学農学部研究報告. 52巻. 7-11 (1999)

Katsutoshi Takuma、Yutaka Yasuda：“土壤径流引起的浑水过滤材料的处理和效果”鸟取大学农学部研究报告第 52 卷 7-11 (1999)。

Yasuda,H, Takura,K.etc.: "Effectsofzeollte amen dmenton waterandsalt characteristics in soil" Proceedings of the International Agricultural Engineering Conference,Bangkok,Thailand. 837-842 (1998)

Yasuda,H, Takura,K.等：“Effectsofzeollte amen dmenton water and salt features in salt”国际农业工程会议论文集，泰国曼谷。

安田 裕・田熊勝利ら: "ゼオライトによる土壌中の水分・塩分制御" 鳥取大学農学部研究報告. 51. 35-42 (1998)

Yutaka Yasuda、Katsutoshi Takuma 等人：“利用沸石控制土壤中的水分和盐度”鸟取大学农学部研究报告 51. 35-42 (1998)。

田熊勝利・安田 裕ら: "中山間地耕作放棄水田における土壌物理性の経年変化" 鳥取大学農学部研究報告. 51. 31-34 (1998)

Masaru Taguma、Yutaka Yasuda 等：“丘陵和山区废弃稻田土壤物理性质的年龄相关变化”鸟取大学农学部研究报告 51. 31-34 (1998)。