KANSEI evaluation of wood and engineered wood from the viewpoint of visual sense and sense of smell

本文的目的是通过视觉和嗅觉来评估木材的感性信息。评估是从可取和不可取的观点进行的。在前者的情况下，利用脑电图（EEG）和情绪状态谱（POMS）研究了人类在有和没有针叶木气味的情况下生理和心理反应的变化。此外，通过气味的感官测试和层次分析法，探讨了材料信息对气味评价的影响。在后者的情况下，讨论了减少胶合板甲醛排放的方法。为了降低胶合板的甲醛释放量，在胶合板中分别浸渍了尿素、苯酚、氨、儿茶素和单宁五种化学物质。通过两个指标来阐明化学处理的效果；顶空气体甲醛浓度及感官测试评价值。所得结果总结如下。(1)在有木材气味的情况下，神经疲劳和紧张感有降低的趋势。(2)木材气味存在时，α波的脑电图幅度谱变化不显著。(3)随着视觉信息和（或）材料信息的增加，对木材气味的评价有增加的趋势。(4)木材的色调、纹理和材料名称都影响木材气味的评价。(5)尿素和氨处理后的胶合板的甲醛浓度和异味明显低于未处理的胶合板。

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the KANSEI information of wood by the sense of visual and smell. The evaluation was carried out from desirable and not desirable viewpoints. In the case of former, the changes of physiological and psychological reactions of human were investigated using electroencephalogram (EEG) and profile of mood state (POMS) between in the presence and absence of coniferous wood odor. In addition, the effect of the material information on the odor evaluation was discussed by the sensory test of those odors and analytical hierarchy process. In the case of the latter, the method to reduce formaldehyde emitted from plywood was discussed. To reduce formaldehyde emission from plywood, five kinds of chemical substance : urea, phenol, ammonia, catechin and tannin, were impregnated in plywood, respectively. The effects of those chemical-treatments were clarified by two indexes ; formaldehyde concentrations and evaluated values of sensory test of those headspace gas. Obtained results were summarized as follows.(1) In the presence of wood odors, nervous fatigue and feeling of strain tended to decrease.(2) EEG magnitude spectra of the alpha wave was not changed significantly in the presence of wood odors.(3) The evaluation of the wood odors tended to increase with visual and/or material information.(4) It was suggested that not only tone of color and grain of wood but also material name affect on the evaluation of the wood odor.(5) By both urea and ammonia-treatment, formaldehyde concentration and odors from those plywoods were much lower than those of untreatment one.