Deposition and Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Glasses and Slags for Photonic Materials

研究了YF3和BeF2对氟铍酸铝玻璃真空紫外光透射谱和折射率的影响。含20mol%BaF2玻璃的MgF2-CaF2-SrF2-AlF3玻璃具有最短的紫外吸收边波长(~147 nm)和最高的157 nm透过率(2 mm样品厚度为60%)。为了预测氟化物玻璃的折射率，我们根据测量数据给出了氟化物的组成参数。为了研究氧化物玻璃中Er^&lt；3+&gt；和Yb^&lt；3+&gt；和Yb^&lt；3+&gt；周围的局域结构，进行了扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)测量。我们将氧化物玻璃中稀土离子周围的局域结构分为两种类型：前者为间隙型，后者为取代型。Er^&lt；+3&gt；：i_&lt；13/2&gt；→^4i_&lt；15/2&gt；和Yb^&lt；3+&gt；…自发辐射几率之间的关系根据这两种类型讨论了氧化物玻璃中的^2F_&lt；5/2&gt；→^2F_&lt；7/2&gt；相变及其局域结构，研究了氧化物玻璃的力学性能和热性能。为了预测氧化物玻璃的杨氏模数，得到了经验组成参数G_I和V_I，其中G_I是单组分氧化物的离解能，V_I是单组分氧化物的堆积密度参数。考虑到磷酸盐和碲酸盐玻璃的网络结构，对G_i进行了修正。结果表明，用我们提出的参数计算的结果与整个氧化物玻璃的实测值符合得很好。用德拜模型讨论了热容与化学组成之间的关系。我们发现，在德拜温度下，所有样品的热容都与摩尔热容成比例，具有类似的量值和温度依赖性。基于这一观察结果，我们提出了一个分别由组成和温度对热容的贡献组成的经验方程。采用熔体淬火和后热处理方法制备了含有金属铜纳米颗粒的磷酸盐玻璃。根据金属铜纳米颗粒在磷酸盐玻璃中的颗粒大小和分散性，构建了金属铜纳米颗粒分散玻璃的时间-温度-沉积(TTD)图。在玻璃转变温度以下加热的50BaO-50P_2O_5+6Cu2O+6SnO+2Sb_2O_3(摩尔分数)玻璃样品中沉积了大量尺寸分布较窄的单分散金属铜纳米颗粒。为了控制金属铜纳米粒子在玻璃中的尺寸、尺寸分布、浓度和分散性，我们从Cu2+离子与还原氧化物SnO和Sb2+的氧化还原反应以及Cu2+、Sn2+和Sb2+离子的分布等方面讨论了金属铜纳米粒子的沉积和生长机理。较少

The influence of YF_3 and BeF_2 on vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) transmission spectra and refractive indexes of aluminum fluoroberyllate glasses was investigated. The MgF_2-CaF_2-SrF_2-AlF_3 containing 20 mol % BeF_2 glass composition exhibited the shortest wavelength of UV absorption edge (〜147 nm), and the highest transmittance at 157 nm (60 % for 2 mm sample thickness). In order to predict for the refractive indexes of fluoride glasses, we presented compositional parameter of fluoride based on our measured data.Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements have been performed on Er^<3+> and Yb^<3+> in oxide glasses in order to investigate the local structure surrounding Er^<3+> and Yb^<3+>. We classified the local structures surrounding rare earth ions in oxide glasses into two types : the former and the latter are interstitial and substitutive types, respectively. The relationship between the spontaneous emission probability for Er^<+3> : I_<13/2> →^4I_<15/2> and Yb^<3+> … More : ^2F_<5/2> →^2F_<7/2> transitions and their local structures in oxide glasses is discussed in terms of these two types.The mechanical and thermal properties of oxide glasses were investigated. To predict the Young's moduli of the oxide glasses, empirical compositional parameters G_i and V_i were obtained, where G_i is the dissociation energy and V_i the packing density parameters of single-component oxide. Taking the network structures of phosphate and tellurite glasses into account, the G_i were modified. The results revealed that the calculated values using our proposed parameter were in good agreement with measured values all through the oxide glasses. The relationship between heat capacity and chemical composition was discussed in terms of the Debye model. We found that heat capacities of all the samples studied here scaled with the molar heat capacity at the Debye temperature have a similar magnitude and temperature dependence. Based on this observation, we propose an empirical equation which is composed of separate contributions of the compositional and temperature dependence of the heat capacity.Phosphate glasses containing metallic copper nanoparticles were prepared by melt-quenching and post heat treatment method. The time-temperature-deposition (TTD) diagram for the glass dispersed with metallic copper nanoparticles was constructed based on the particle size and dispersion of metallic copper nanoparticles in phosphate glasses. A large amount of mono-dispersed metallic copper nanoparticles with a narrow size-distribution deposited in the 50BaO-50P_2O_5+6Cu_2O+6SnO+2Sb_2O_3 (mol %) glass samples heated below the glass transition temperature. In order to control the size, size-distribution, concentration, and dispersion of metallic copper nanoparticles in the glass, we discussed their deposition and growth mechanisms in terms of the redox reactions between Cu^+ ions and reducing oxides, i.e. SnO and Sb_2O_3, and the distribution of Cu^+, Sn^<2+>, and Sb^<3+> ions. Less