Ultra Diffuse Galaxies: Challenging the galaxy formation paradigm

我们的目标是了解新发现的超扩散镓的起源。它们的极端性质挑战了许多支持星系形成的公认宇宙学框架的假设，特别是暗物质的作用及其与正常物质的相互作用。由世界上最好的望远镜，新颖的机器学习技术和超级计算机模拟星系形成所实现的结果将是一个大型的新样本，测量其关键特性并澄清其形成途径。其好处是机器学习星系探测技术的发展，这对未来的大数据量至关重要，以及对暗物质在宇宙时间形成星系中的作用有了更坚定的理解。

We aim to understand the origins of newly discovered Ultra Diffuse Galaxies. Their extreme properties challenge many assumptions underpinning the accepted cosmological framework within which galaxies form, especially the role of dark matter and its interaction with normal matter. Outcomes, enabled by the world’s best telescopes, novel machine learning techniques and supercomputer simulations of galaxy formation, will be a large new sample with measurements of their key properties and a clarification of their formation pathways. Benefits are the development of machine learning galaxy detection techniques, essential for future large data volumes, and a firmer understanding of the role of dark matter in forming galaxies over cosmic time.