Formation of the Legal Managerial System of French Joint-Stock Companies

本研究旨在追溯法国股份公司法律管理制度的历史沿革。法国1867年的法律普遍规定了股份公司的管理制度，允许在没有政府授权的情况下成立股份公司。董事会是由20世纪40年代初的改革提供的。1966年的改革提供了在由董事会(行政管理委员会)及其主席组成的单层制和由管理委员会(董事)和监事会(监督委员会)组成的两级制之间进行选择的可能性。即使在单层制中，2001年改革后，执行(总监)和监督(行政院长)也可以分立。考察了这些历史演变的过程，我们厘清了法国股份公司现行法律管理制度的内容。

This research is aimed to trace the historical evolution of the legal managerial system of french joint-stock companies.Their managerial system has been generally provided by the law of 1867, which has allowed the constitution of joint-stock companies without the governmental authorization. The board of directors was provided by the reform of the early 1940s.The reform of 1966 has offered the possibility of choice between the single-tier system, which consists of the board of directors (conseil d'administration) and its presdient, and two-tier system, which consists of the management board (directoire) and the supervisory board (conseil de surveillance). Even in the single-tier system, the execution (directeur general) and its monitoring (president du conseil d'administration) can be assigned to the separate bodies, after the reform of 2001.After examining these processes of the historical evolution, we have clarified the contents of the actual legal managerial system of french joint-stock companies.