Measurement of the High-Order Nuclear Moments by Laser Cooling

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High-resolution atomic-beam laser spectroscopic setup has been made using a diode laser. With this experimental setup, high-resolution laser spectroscopy has been performed and systematic studies have been carried out for the rare-earth elements. Hyperfine constants have been determined for many atomic levels. The electron density at the nucleus has been derive and compared with the theoretical Hartree-Fock calculation.Concerning the laser cooling, a method for measuring the atomic beam velocity has been established using the Doppler effect. Laser cooling has been performed for Rb atoms : the Rb atomic beam with the velocity of about 400 m/s, produced by the thermal atomic beam oven, has been decelerated to less than 70 m/s.Laser-RF double resonance spectroscopy of Li, K, and Rb has been carried out. The laser-RF double resonance spectroscopy has advantages of high precision and simple experimental setup, and is very useful to precisely measure the hyperfine structure. From such precision measurement, the hyperfine anomaly, related to the nuclear magnetic distribution, and the high-order hyperfine interaction can be investigated. We measured RF resonance spectra in the stray magnetic field. The precision of this method is higher than that of the conventional method in which residual Zeeman broadening is always involved owing to the difficulty of canceling stray magnetic field. We measured hyperfine splittings of the ground states for ^<6,7>Li, ^<39,41>K, and ^<85,87>Rb with the precision of less than 1 kHz. Then the hyperfine structure constants and the hyperfine anomaly have been derived.