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Evaluation of fishing power for the purpose of standardizing fishing efforts between fisheries

捕捞能力评估，以规范渔业间的捕捞努力

基本信息

批准号：
11660184
负责人：
TOKAI Tadashi
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Fisheries
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11660184/
关键词：
fishing effort fishing power fishing efficiency fishing gear selectivity catchability standardization of catch per unit effort 漁獲強度

项目摘要

For the purpose of reduction in excess fishing capacity, it is indispensable to evaluate fishing power of fishing methods and fisheries. However, fishing power has been evaluated without distinguishing fishing gear selectivity from catching efficiency. This study arranged terminology in terms of fishing power, and presented methods for standardizing catch per unit effort (CPUE) and for estimating fishing gear selectivity and relative fishing intensity including catchability, sampling effort, fishing effort and so on.First, fishing efficiency, catchability and fishing effort were defined clearly. The Tauchi fishing power index that fishing scientists and technologists used to employ for evaluating fishing power can remove effects of temporal and spatial change in resources structure on CPUE, and is hence useful to standardize CPUE, which is similar to standardization by GLM.Second, the SELECT model analysis with fishing effort data can estimate parameters of fishing gear selectivity and catchability at the same time. The split parameter in' the SELECT model was expressed as relative fishing intensity. We successfully modified the SELECT model to analyze the data from paired gear tests with change in sampling effort.Third, the SELECT model was also enlarged for analyzing data in comparative fishing experiments with over-3 fishing gears.Finally, for gillnet as a representative fishing method, effect of mesh size and twine thickness on fishing gear selectivity and catching efficiency was studied. And fishing methods and performance were examined in conger-eel fisheries as an example of multi-fisheries (e.g. longline, trawl, trap-net and tube-pot) and the fisheries management was discussed.

为了减少过剩捕捞能力，必须对捕捞方法和渔业的捕捞能力进行评估。然而，在评估捕捞能力时没有区分渔具选择性和捕捞效率。本研究对捕捞力量的概念进行了整理，提出了单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）的标准化方法和渔具选择性及相对捕捞强度（包括可捕性、取样努力量、捕捞努力量等）的估算方法。渔业科技工作者用来评价捕捞能力的陶内渔力指数可以消除资源结构的时空变化对CPUE的影响，因此可以将CPUE标准化，这与GLM的标准化类似。其次，利用捕捞努力量数据进行SELECT模型分析，可以同时估计渔具选择性和可捕性参数。SELECT模型中的分裂参数表示为相对捕捞强度。本文首先对SELECT模型进行了改进，使之能够分析不同取样努力量下的渔具配对试验数据;其次，将SELECT模型扩展到3种以上渔具的对比试验数据;最后，以刺网为代表，研究了网目尺寸和网衣厚度对渔具选择性和捕捞效率的影响。以海鳗渔业为例，分析了延绳钓、拖网、诱捕网和管罐等多种渔业的捕捞方法和捕捞效果，并对渔业管理进行了讨论。