Evaluation of silage added using additives by milk production, intake and nutritive value

如申请表中的研究方案所述，我们在2001年汇总了1999年和2000年的研究结果，以及我的基础研究计划(C)(2)(1997,1998)资助的项目“添加剂在生产高质量青贮料中的使用及其作用机理”的结果。为了获得高质量的发酵青贮料，必须抑制丁酸发酵。原料草的生长期、收获期和预干程度直接影响发酵质量的稳定性。这些无花果影响了原料草中水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)的含量，决定了青贮料的发酵品质，青贮料的发酵品质对青贮料的稳定性、绵羊采食量和营养水平有显著影响。添加甲酸、乳酸菌制剂和酶制剂改善青草青贮料的发酵品质，可提高青贮料的营养水平(TDN和DE含量)和营养物质的摄入量(TDN和DE)。添加剂不影响玉米青贮料的发酵品质。而玉米青贮料的干物质采食量和总氮、总能含量增加，营养物质(总氮、总能)的采食量也增加。通过添加乳酸菌制剂，提高了部分奶牛的产奶量和日增重，增加了乳成分的日增加量。这些结果表明，高品质的青贮料提高了精料的采食量，有助于提高自给性粗饲料的利用率，从而节省了精料。最重要的一点是原料草的条件，特别是添加剂的适当使用，要考虑到WSC的含量。然而，虽然添加剂对发酵品质和养分摄入量有较好的效果，但并不能有效地抑制开仓后的好氧劣化。

As described in the study scheme in the appUcation form, we compiled in 2001 flie results of me studies performed in 1999 and 2000 and of the project "Use of additives for the production of silage of high quality and the action mechanism"supported by me basic study program (C)(2)(1997, 1998).To obtain high quaUty fermented silage, butyric acid fermentation must be inhibited. The growth stage, time of the harvest, and degree of predrying of me material grass are involved in the stability of the fermentation quality. These fictars affibcted me content of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC)in the material grass, and determined me fermentation quality.The fermentation quality of silage markedly affected the stability of preservation, intake by sheep and nutrition level. When the fermentation quality of grass silage was improved by adding formic acid, Lactobacfflus preparations and enzymes, the nutrition level (contents of TDN ard DE) and intake of nutrients (TDN, DE) increased. The fermentation quality of corn silage was not aflected by additives. However, the dry matter intake of corn silage and contents of TDN and DE were inoieased by additives, and the intake of nutrients (TDN, DE) was also increased. The secretion of milk and daily increase of the body weight or me amount of milk components was increased in some dairy cattle by adding Lactobacillus preparations.These findings indicated that a high fermeotatirai quality of silage increases the intake of concentraed contributes to increases in the use of self-supplying roughage, resulting in saving of concentrated feed. The most important point is me condition of the material grass ; in particular, appropiate use of additives, taking the content of WSC into consideratioan. However, although good results of me fomentation quality and intake of nutrients were obtained by additives, it did not effectively suppress aerobic deterioration after opening of the silos.