SYSTEMS FOR THE SYMBIOSIS OF TOURIST INDUSTRY AND AGRICULTURE IN THE ALPS : AS COMPARED WITH THE CHUSANKAN AREAS (HILLY AND MOUNTAINOUS AREAS) IN JAPAN

1.在法国阿尔卑斯山，旅游业过度发展，旅游业与农业共生的制度在很大程度上不复存在。但是，1976年6月在艾格布兰奇盆地地区通过的公约确立了旅游业与农业共生的新制度。因此，该地区处置了每年对Les m^2建筑业征收的资金：三分之一的资金用于当地农业活动的维持，其余的用于旅游业的动画。旅游业与农业共生制度的存在得益于德国、奥地利和瑞士阿尔卑斯山的直接支付制度(对山区农民的直接支付，对在生产方法上做出特殊环境努力的农民的直接支付)，这些地区的旅游业并没有过度发展。特别是，对于农业和旅游业都是有用资源的草原的深绿景观得到了保护，这是因为在欣德朗、奥斯蒂罗尔和Pay d‘en Haut对在生产方法(广泛的农业、广泛的草原)中做出特殊环境努力的农民实行了直接支付制度。作为这些制度的结果，旅游业和农业的共生已经采取了乡村旅游活动的形式：大草原的保护和利用，农民在酒店、商店和其他旅游设施中的工作，Gite ruraux以及阿尔卑斯山当地农产品的销售。

1. Systems for the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture, for the most part, ceased to exist in the French Alps, where tourist industries developed excessively. But the new System for the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture has been constituted by the convention of June 1976 in the Distict of the Basin of Aigueblanche.Consequently, the District dispose of the funds, which have been levied by an annual tax on les m^2 construits : one third of the funds been alloted to the sustenance of the local agricultural activity, the others to the animation of tourism.2. Systems for the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture owe their existence to the system of direct payments (direct payments for the farmers of mountainous districts, direct payments for the farmers making special environmental efforts in their production methods) in the German, Austrian and Swiss Alps, where the tourist industries haven't developed excessively. Especially, the deep green landscape of prairies, which is useful resources for both agriculture and tourism, has been preserved due to the system of direct payments for the farmers making special environmental efforts in their production methods (extensive agriculture, extensive prairies) in Hindelang, Osttirol and Pay d'en Haut.3. As a result of these systems, the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture has been taken the forms of rural tourism activities : the preservation and use of prairies, the jobs of farmers in hotels, stores and other tourist facilities, gites ruraux and the sales of local produces in the Alps.