Investigation on the generation and evolution mechanisms of tidal wave, tornadoes and building damages associated with the "Typhoon 9918"

“9918”台风海潮、龙卷风及建筑受损产生及演化机制研究

• 批准号: 11800014
• 负责人: KATSURA Junji
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (B).
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11800014/
• 关键词: Typhoon; Tidal wave; Tornado; Coastline change; Thunderstorm; Dry intrusion; Typhoon 9918; Strong wind

A typhoon named 'Typhoon 9918' attacked Japan in late September, 1999. It recorded the maximum instantaneous wind speed of 66.2m/sec (informally 83.9m/sec at Kashima in Kagoshima Prefecture) and caused extensive damages. The number of completely- and half-destroyed houses was 1,300 and the total number of house damage including partly-destroyed one amounted to more than 30,000. It was characterized by the tidal wave due to the strong wind from which the death toll climbed to 19 in the coastal region of the Yatsushiro Sea. In addition, Tornadoes broke out in concurrent with the typhoon in City of Toyohashi and its surroundings located about 700km east from the center of the typhoon, and more than 300 pupils were injured either seriously or slightly.The present research project was aimed to disclose the generation and evolution mechanisms of the tidal wave and tornadoes associated with the typhoon and the mechanism of the house damage due to the strong wind. At first, records on the typh … More oon and meteorological paremeters and the associated tidal wave, tornadoes and damages of buildings and seawalls were collected and analyzed to reveal the mechanisms of generation and evolution of these severe storms and damages. Secondly, numerical simulations were made for the typhoon and the associated tidal wave and tornadoes.As to the tidal wave, the data analyses, together with the numerical simulation and comparison with the case of the 'Typhoon 9119' that took almost the same path, revealed that the strong wind over the large surface area (about 700kmィイD12ィエD1) and the low pressure driven by the typhoon along the worst path and the shallow depth of the Yatsushiro Sea generated and maintained the tidal wave, which conspired on the diurnal high tide of autumn tide, and caused flooding over the seawall and severe damages. In addition the narrow back end of the sea straitened by reclaim also contributed to amplify the tidal wave, that is, deformation of the seabed topography and coast line is also the reason.As to the tornadoes, it was shown that the numerical model can predict successfully the generation and persistence of the mesoscale cumulous convection and thunderstorm with very high vorticity, and so the possibility of the tornado formation. In Japan the tornado forecasting system has not be established. However, the present study suggested the possibility of the tornado forcasting. Less

1999年9月下旬，一个名为“台风9918”的台风袭击了日本。系统记录到的最大瞬时风速为66.2米/秒（鹿儿岛县鹿岛的非正式风速为83.9米/秒），并造成了广泛的破坏。完全被毁和半毁的房屋有1，300所，包括部分被毁的房屋在内，受损房屋总数超过30，000所。这次海啸的特点是强风引起的海啸，八代海沿岸地区的死亡人数上升到19人。此外，位于台风中心以东约700公里的丰桥市及其周边地区也发生了与台风同时发生的龙卷风，本次研究的目的是揭示台风引起的海啸和龙卷风的产生、演变机制，以及台风对房屋的破坏机理。强风起初，关于伤寒的记录 ...更多信息 收集和分析了这些强风暴的天气、气象参数以及与之相关的海啸、龙卷风和建筑物、海堤的破坏情况，揭示了这些强风暴和破坏的产生和演变机制。其次，对台风及其引起的潮波和龙卷风进行了数值模拟，对潮波进行了资料分析，并与路径几乎相同的“9119号台风”进行了数值模拟和比较，显示出大面积的强风（约700 km长）和台风沿沿着最坏路径和八代海浅深度驱动的低气压产生并维持了潮波，在秋潮的全日高潮期间合谋，引致海堤水浸，造成严重损毁。另外，围垦后狭窄的海水后端也对潮波的放大有贡献，即海底地形和海岸线的变形也是原因之一。对于龙卷风，数值模式可以成功地预报中尺度积云对流和高涡度雷暴的产生和持续，从而预测龙卷风形成的可能性。日本尚未建立龙卷风预报系统。但是，本研究提出了龙卷风预报的可能性。少

项目成果

Hayashi, Tai-ichi: "Storm surge and tornado associated with Typhoon"J. Japan Soc. for Natural Disaster. Vol.82. (2000)

林太一：“与台风有关的风暴潮和龙卷风”J.

Yamamoto, Haruhiko: "Characteristics of meteorological condition in the western Japan during The passage of Typhoon 9918 and its implication to agricultural meteorology"Thugoku-Shikoku no Nogyo Kisho. vol.12. 98-99 (1999)

山本晴彦：“9918台风过境时日本西部气象条件的特征及其对农业气象的影响”《Thugoku-Shikoku no Nogyo Kisho》。

Hayashi, Tai-ichi: "Tornado spawned in Toyohashi City on September 24, 1999"J. Wind Engineering Society. Vol.85. 3-6 (2000)

林太一：“龙卷风于 1999 年 9 月 24 日在丰桥市产生”J.

Yamamoto, Hruhiko: "The tornado and its disaster at Onoda City, Yamaguchi prefecture during the passage of Typhoon 9918"Thugoku-Shikoku no Nogyo Kisho. vol.12. 94-96 (1999)

山本赫鲁彦：“9918 号台风过境时山口县小野田市的龙卷风及其灾难”《Thugoku-Shikoku no Nogyo Kisho》。

Takikawa, Kiyoshi: "Storm surge at Shiranui coast associated with Typhoon 9918"Proc. of the symposium on the River disaster. 25-35 (2000)

泷川清：“与台风 9918 相关的不知火海岸风暴潮”Proc.