Atomic collisions in sub-Kelvin temperature for atomic laser application

超低温碱原子对玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的新观察，开辟了低温物理学的新时代，也开辟了低温物理学的新应用。我们研究了弱远程相互作用的起源和性质，如碱性原子对的范德华作用和卡西米尔-波尔德相互作用，并准确地确定了这些相互作用。通过将这些相互作用纳入散射动力学的形式，我们进行了散射S矩阵元素的数值计算。在如此低的温度下，只有1=0 s波在散射中占主导地位。从电子-分子碰撞的研究可知，在E【大于或等于】0极限处会发生s波共振，但其物理原理尚不清楚。然而，我们从超低温下碱原子碰撞的量子力学散射计算和精确的远程弱相互作用中为这些观察提供了依据。通过本研究，我们期望为进一步了解低温物理以及包括原子激光在内的各种应用奠定基础。

New observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation by using ultra-low temperature alkali atoms has opened up new era of low temperature physics as well as possible applications. We have investigated the origin and the nature of weak long-range interactions such as van der Waals and Casimir-Polder interactions for alkaline atomic pairs, and determined these interactions accurately. By incorporating these interactions into the formalism of scattering dynamics, we have carried out numerical calculations for obtaining scattering S matrix elements. In such low temperatures, only 1=0, s-wave, solely dominates for scattering. It has been known from the study of electron-molecule collisions that the s-wave resonance at E【greater than or equal】0 limit takes place although its physical rational is not well understood. However, we have provided rationales to these observations from our quantum mechanical scattering calculations for alkali atom collisions at ultra-low temperature with accurate long-range weak interactions. From the present study, we expect to contribute for further understanding of low-temperature physics as well as the basis for various applications including atomic laser.