A study of the relationship between substantial economic activities and the techniques of the body and somatotypes.

为了明确大量的经济活动和社会生态条件对人体的影响，对吉田村和莫莫托里以及东京千代田区的50岁及以上的人进行了检查，分别代表农业、渔业和大城市地区的经济。样本数量分别为93、100和121个。调查了人体测量、身体柔韧性、步态和稻田耕作和捕鱼的专业工具。这些数据是按照受试者的年龄分组分开管理的：每个性别的50多岁、60多岁等等。主要研究结果如下：1.吉田村和莫莫托里村的受试者职业范围非常有限，即与农业或渔业相关的职业范围，而千代田区受试者的职业范围差异很大。受试者及其配偶和父母的出生地和现居在村子里几乎完全相同，而千代田区受试者的出生地和现在的居住地分散在日本各地。千代田区的受试者比乡村的受试者体型更大。这可能是由于合作伙伴选择的地理广度造成的。雄性的平均体型接近4-4-4。雌性在所有三个区域都是内胚层的，尽管Momotori雌虫比其他区域更接近中胚层。这导致了该村的性别差异较小。千代田区受试者因年龄增长而导致的步行速度和步幅退化最严重。这表明，农业和渔业生活方式包含的一个因素不会导致腰大肌的虚弱。

For the purpose of specifying the effect of substantial economic activities and socio-ecological conditions on the human body, persons aged 50 and over were examined in the villages of Yoshidamura and Momotori, and in Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, representing agricultural, fishing, and large urban-area economies respectively. The samples numbered 93, 100, and 121 respectively. Anthropometry, physical pliability, gait, and professional tools for paddy-farming and fishing were investigated. The data were managed separately by subject age grouping : those in their 50s, 60s, and so on in each sex. The following results were obtained:1. The subjects' range of profession was extremely limited in Yoshidamura and Momotori villages, i.e. to that related to farming or fishing, whereas that of the Chiyoda-ku subjects was greatly varied. The birth-places and current residences of the subjects, their spouses, and parents were almost uniformly identical in the villages, while those of the Chiyoda-ku subjects were dispersed all over Japan.2. The subjects in Chiyoda-ku were physically larger than those in the villages. This may have resulted from the geographical breadth of partner selection.3. The males' mean somatotype was close to 4-4-4. The females were endomorphic in all three regions, although the Momotori females were closer to mesomorphic than the others. This resulted a smaller sex difference in this village.4. Degeneration of walking speed and stride due to aging was greatest in the Chiyoda-ku subjects. This suggests that agricultural and fishing life styles incorporate a factor which does not contribute to a weakening of the psoas major muscle.