Development of teaching material in maternity nursing and midwifery

本研究的目的是开发三维教材，根据妊娠进程、胎盘的分娩和分离机制以及异常分娩的母婴现状，可视化地显示胎儿的发育过程和产前情况。2000年，为了获得这项研究的基础数据，我们澄清了助产专业学生在课堂上和部分临床实习中看到的围产期事件的图像。我们还调查了难以成像的现象，并进行了自我登记问卷，以检查这些图像与当前教育材料的关系。根据这一结果，2001年开发了用于在计算机屏幕上可视化产前现象和模拟预期体验的教材。此外，2002年还对教材的教育效果进行了实证研究。…更多的围产期事件利用最新的虚拟现实技术在计算机屏幕上可视化，从而实现了真实的互动体验：对母亲的腹壁、子宫、骨盆和阴道壁进行三维建模，用中线划分器官的图像，并以透明和半透明的方式显示划分的图像。然后，用电脑鼠标指示观察区域，从任何方向直接实时观察围产期事件。本教材采用多种设备，通过反复使用来确定分娩的进程和所需的分娩干预程序，从而使学生能够轻松地了解各种围产期事件。可视化的特征包括母胎循环、胎儿运动、位置、呈现、分娩的态度和进程(子宫收缩、胎儿环境、胎心率监测、羊膜破裂、胎儿旋转、产道软组织、胎盘分离)。由于该材料以CD-ROM的形式分发，因此可以很容易地通过在普通的个人计算机上安装该软件来访问。这款VR软件可广泛用于产科护理和助产教育，并已被证明是一种非常有用的教材，使学生能够对子宫现象有清晰的图像。较少

The aim of this study was to develop three-dimensional teaching material with which to visualize the developmental process of the fetus and its antenatal circumstances according to the progress of pregnancy, the mechanisms of delivery and separation of the placenta and current status of the mother and child in abnormal deliveries. In 2000, in order to obtain the basic data for this study, we clarified the images of perinatal events midwifery students had seen in lectures and in partial and clinical practices of midwifery. We also investigated the kind of phenomena that were difficult for imaging and in addition conducted a self-registering questionnaire to examine the relationship of such images to current educational materials. Based on the results, teaching materials for visualizing antenatal phenomena on a computer screen and simulating expected experiences were developed in 2001. In addition, empirical studies on educational effects of the teaching materials were conducted in 2002. … More Perinatal events were visualized on a computer screen using the latest techniques of virtual reality, which enabled true interactive experiences : The abdominal wall, uterus, pelvis and vaginal wall of the mother were three-dimensionally modeled, the images of the organs were divided by the median line and the divided images were both transparently and semitransparently displayed. Then, viewing areas were indicated with a computer mouse for observing perinatal events directly in real time from any direction. This teaching material adopts many devices in order to determine the progress of delivery and the procedures of delivery intervention required through repeated use, thus enabling the students to easily understand the various perinatal events.Visualized features include maternal-fetal circulation, fetal movement, position, presentation and attitude and progress of delivery (contraction of the uterus, and fetal environments, monitoring of fetal heart rate, amniorrhexis, rotation of the fetus, soft tissues of the birth canal, separation of the placenta).This material can be easily accessed by installing this software in an ordinary personal computer, since it is distributed in CD-ROM form. This VR software can be widely used for maternity nursing and midwifery education and has been shown to be highly useful as a teaching material, enabling students to have clear images of uterine phenomena. Less