A study on the measurement of ability to decode emotions as a part of emotional intelligence

情绪解码能力是情绪智力的核心概念。本研究按照以下步骤编制了一套测量情绪解码能力的任务型测验。1.两个实验合作者扮演了32个人际场景，其中包括16种情绪，如“孤独”、“放松”、“喜悦”等。这些表演都是用录像带录制的。2.被试观看了录像带记录的32个人际场景，并猜测录像带中的人表达了什么情绪。3.根据被试的猜测结果，对32个人际场景的项目辨别进行了统计分析，并选择了一些有意义的人际场景。最后，共有16个场景的9个欢快的情绪(阿尔法=。70，I-T相关系数r=。33或更多)和7种不愉快的情绪(阿尔法=。50，I-T相关系数r=。为了检验该测验的效度，对该测验与现有的社会技能量表进行了相关分析。该测验与“维持人际关系”因子之间存在显著相关(r=。41)。此外，为了通过外部标准检验效度，验证了情绪解码能力高的学生倾向于就业私人决定的假设，就业私人决定的学生的测试成绩显著高于没有就业私人决定的学生(p&lt；由于受试者很难判断这项测验测量的是什么，所以该测验可以防止错误反应和故意扭曲的反应，并可以测量直接解码情绪的能力，而不依赖于受试者的反应能力，如自我反思能力。然而，对这一测试的效度进行审查并不一定足够，还需要对其进行未来的审查。

Ability to decode emotions is the central concept of emotional intelligence.In this research,a task-based test that measures ability to decode emotions was developed according to the following procedure.1.Two experiment cooperators acted 32 interpersonal scenes where 16 emotions,such as "lonesomeness", "relief", and "joy", were included, along with the scenario. These performances were recorded by videotape.2.The subjects watched each of 32 interpersonal scenes recorded by videotape, and guessed what emotion the person in the videotape had expressed.3.Based on the result of subjects' guesses, the item discrimination of 32 interpersonal scenes was analyzed statistically,and some significant interpersonal scenes were selected. Finally a total of 16 scenes of 9 Pleasant emotions (alpha=. 70, I-T correlation r=. 33 or more) and 7 unpleasant emotions (alpha=. 50, I-T correlation r=. 32 or more) was chosen through some analysis.In order to examine the validity of this test, the correlation with the test and an existing social skill scale was analyzed. A significant correlation was found out between the test and a "maintenance of personal relations" factor (r=. 41). Moreover, in order to examine the validi ty by the external standard, one hypothesis that the student with high ability to decode emotions tends to get employment private decision was verified.The students who got employment private decision had the score of the test significantly higher than the students who had not got (p<. 05).Since it is hard for subjects to judge what this test measures,the test can prevent false responses and responses distorted intentionally, and can measure ability to decode emotions directly without depending on the response capabil ity of subjects, such as self-reflection power. However, the examination about validity of this test is not necessarily enough and a future examination is required for it.